页岩油是一种相对较廉价的石油资源。尽管其价格较低，但这并不意味着它的开采和生产过程简单或者资源丰富。以下是几个导致页岩油价格低廉的原因。

首先，页岩油的开采成本相对较低。相比传统石油开采方法，页岩油需要进行水力压裂（常称为“水力破碎”）过程，这使得提取石油更加经济高效。水力压裂通过高压注入液体来打破岩石中的页岩层，从而释放出固定在其中的石油。这种新兴技术的应用大大降低了开采成本和时间，从而降低了页岩油的价格。

Translation:

Shale oil is a relatively inexpensive petroleum resource. Although its price is low, it does not mean that the extraction and production processes are simple or that the resources are abundant. Here are several reasons why shale oil is cheap.

Firstly, the cost of shale oil extraction is relatively low. Compared to traditional petroleum extraction methods, shale oil requires a process called hydraulic fracturing (commonly known as "fracking"), which makes the extraction of oil more economically efficient. Hydraulic fracturing involves the injection of high-pressure fluids to break open the shale rock layers and release the trapped oil. The application of this emerging technology has significantly reduced extraction costs and time, thereby lowering the price of shale oil.

其次，全球页岩油资源丰富。许多国家拥有大量的页岩油储量，例如美国、加拿大和阿根廷等。这些地区的地质条件非常适合页岩油的形成和储藏。充足的资源供应使得市场上存在着大量的页岩油，从而推动了价格的下降。

Translation:

Secondly, shale oil resources are abundant globally. Many countries have significant shale oil reserves, such as the United States, Canada, and Argentina, among others. These regions have geological conditions that are highly favorable for the formation and storage of shale oil. The abundant supply of resources leads to a large presence of shale oil in the market, which drives down prices.

此外，页岩油的生产量不断增加。随着技术的改进和更高效的生产方法的应用，页岩油的产量在过去几年中显著增长。更大的产量意味着更多的石油供应，这也对价格起到了抑制作用。

Translation:

Furthermore, shale oil production continues to increase. With advancements in technology and the application of more efficient production methods, shale oil production has significantly grown in the past few years. Greater production means more oil supply, which also contributes to the suppression of prices.

最后，新能源技术的发展也影响了页岩油的价格。随着可再生能源和清洁能源的崛起，许多国家正在减少对传统石油的需求。这导致了石油市场的竞争加剧，促使页岩油等非传统资源的价格下降。

总的来说，页岩油之所以便宜，是由于开采成本低、全球资源丰富、产量增加以及新能源技术的发展等多个因素的综合影响。尽管如此，我们仍然需要在利用页岩油的同时考虑其环境和社会的可持续性。

Translation:

Lastly, the development of new energy technologies also impacts the price of shale oil. With the rise of renewable and clean energy sources, many countries are reducing their dependence on traditional petroleum. This has resulted in intensified competition in the oil market and contributed to the decrease in prices for non-conventional resources like shale oil.

In conclusion, the low cost of shale oil is influenced by multiple factors, including low extraction costs, abundant global resources, increased production, and the development of new energy technologies. Nevertheless, it is important to consider the environmental and social sustainability of utilizing shale oil alongside its affordability.