为什么美联储加息？这个问题涉及到货币政策、经济形势和通胀压力等多个方面。以下是对这个问题的解析以及英文翻译对照：

首先，美联储加息是为了控制通胀。通胀是指物价上涨导致货币购买力下降的现象。当经济过热、需求过旺时，物价就会上升，从而导致通胀压力。为了抑制通胀，美联储会通过加息来紧缩货币政策，减少市场上货币的供应量，进而减缓物价上涨的步伐。英文翻译为：Firstly, the Federal Reserve raises interest rates to control inflation. Inflation refers to the phenomenon of rising prices leading to a decrease in purchasing power. When the economy overheats and demand is too strong, prices will rise, leading to inflationary pressure. To curb inflation, the Federal Reserve raises interest rates to tighten monetary policy, reduce the supply of money in the market, and slow down the pace of price increases.

其次，美联储加息也受到全球经济形势的影响。全球经济一体化使得各国之间的经济联系更加紧密，当其他国家央行加息时，美国面临资金流出的压力。为了维持美元汇率的稳定，美联储可能采取加息的措施来应对国际市场的变化。英文翻译为：Secondly, the Federal Reserve's decision to raise interest rates is also influenced by the global economic situation. Global economic integration has made the economies of various countries more closely linked, and when other countries' central banks raise interest rates, the United States faces pressure from capital outflows. To maintain the stability of the US dollar exchange rate, the Federal Reserve may adopt interest rate hikes as a response to changes in the international market.

最后，美联储加息也与美国经济增长和就业形势有关。当经济增长强劲、就业形势良好时，美联储可能会考虑加息以防止经济过热。加息可以减缓经济增长的速度，避免经济泡沫的产生，同时也可以抑制通胀压力。英文翻译为：Finally, the Federal Reserve's decision to raise interest rates is also related to US economic growth and employment prospects. When the economy is strong and the employment situation is good, the Federal Reserve may consider raising interest rates to prevent overheating. Interest rate hikes can slow down economic growth and avoid the emergence of economic bubbles, while also containing inflationary pressure.