为什么保汇率？

保汇率是指一个国家或地区采取措施，保持本币对外币的汇率稳定。保汇率的原因有很多，其中一些包括：

1. 贸易和出口：保持稳定的汇率可以促进出口和贸易增长。对于出口导向型经济体而言，这至关重要。稳定的汇率可以降低进口商和出口商的交易成本，从而促进国际贸易和投资。
2. 投资和资本流动：稳定的汇率可以吸引外国投资和资本流入。这有助于推动经济发展、创造就业机会并增加国家财富。
3. 物价和通胀：保持稳定的汇率可以控制物价和通货膨胀。稳定的汇率可以减少进口商品价格波动的影响，并有助于维持国内物价稳定。
4. 金融稳定：稳定的汇率有助于维护金融稳定。它可以减少资本外流、货币贬值和金融市场动荡的风险，从而为经济提供稳定的基础。
5. 国家利益：国家可能出于国家利益考虑而保汇率。对于一些依赖能源或资源出口的国家而言，保持稳定的汇率可以保护其经济免受国际市场价格波动的影响。

英文翻译对照：

Why maintain exchange rate?

To maintain exchange rate stability refers to the measures taken by a country or region to keep the exchange rate of its domestic currency stable against foreign currencies. There are various reasons for maintaining exchange rate stability, including:

1. Trade and exports: Maintaining stable exchange rates can promote exports and trade growth. For export-oriented economies, this is crucial. Stable exchange rates can lower the transaction costs for importers and exporters, thereby promoting international trade and investment.
2. Investment and capital flows: Stable exchange rates can attract foreign investment and capital inflows. This helps to drive economic development, create jobs, and increase national wealth.
3. Prices and inflation: Maintaining stable exchange rates can control prices and inflation. Stable exchange rates can reduce the impact of fluctuations in import prices and help to maintain domestic price stability.
4. Financial stability: Stable exchange rates contribute to maintaining financial stability. They can reduce the risks of capital outflows, currency depreciation, and financial market volatility, thereby providing a stable foundation for the economy.
5. National interests: Countries may maintain exchange rates for national interests. For countries that rely on energy or resource exports, maintaining stable exchange rates can protect their economies from international market price fluctuations.