好英语网【中文版】
融资融券交易又称“证券信用交易”或保证金交易，是指投资者向具有融资融券业务资格的证券公司提供担保物，借入资金买入证券（融资交易）或借入证券并卖出（融券交易）的行为。
简单说就是，投资者向券商借钱买股票，或者借股票卖钱。其目的在于为投资者提供一种新的交易方式，有助于投资者进行更多的投资选择。
融资融券交易与普通证券交易相比，具有以下不同之处：
资金要求不同。投资者在进行普通证券交易时，必须有足额的资金才能买入证券，必须有足额的证券才能卖出。而投资者进行融资融券交易，不需要持有足额的资金。
与证券公司关系不同。投资者在进行普通证券交易时，与证券公司之间只存在委托买卖的关系。而投资者进行融资融券交易，不仅与证券公司存在委托买卖关系，而且还存在资金或者证券的借贷关系。
风险承担和交易范围不同。投资者在进行普通证券交易时，因投资风险由投资者自行承担。而投资者进行融资融券交易时，因投资风险由投资者和证券公司共同承担。同时，融资融券交易只适用于证券交易所上市的股票。
总体来说，融资融券为投资者提供了一种新的投资方式，可以扩大投资者资金使用效率，提高证券市场流动性，同时也增加了证券公司的业务来源。但需要注意的是，融资融券交易属于风险较高的投资方式，投资者应当具备相应的风险承受能力。
【英文版】
Margin trading and short selling are two different methods of trading securities, which refer to investors borrowing money to buy securities (margin trading) or borrowing securities to sell them (short selling). These transactions are also known as "security credit transactions" or "margin transactions", and are a new trading method that provides investors with more choices for their investments.
Margin trading and short selling are different from ordinary securities trading in the following ways:
Different capital requirements. When investors engage in ordinary securities trading, they must have sufficient funds to buy securities and sufficient securities to sell. However, investors engaging in margin trading or short selling do not need to hold sufficient funds.
Different relationship with securities companies. When investors engage in ordinary securities trading, their relationship with the securities company is only one of entrusting the transaction. However, when investors engage in margin trading or short selling, their relationship with the securities company not only involves entrusting the transaction but also involves borrowing funds or securities.
Different risk-bearing and trading scope. When investors engage in ordinary securities trading, they bear all the investment risks themselves. However, when investors engage in margin trading or short selling, they share the investment risks with the securities company. At the same time, margin trading and short selling only apply to stocks listed on the stock exchange.
Overall, margin trading and short selling provide investors with a new way of investment, which can expand the efficiency of investors' capital usage, improve market liquidity, and increase the business sources of securities companies. However, it should be noted that margin trading and short selling are high-risk investment methods that require investors to have corresponding risk-bearing abilities.
