银行久期是什么意思？

中文：

银行久期（Duration）是一个金融术语，主要用来衡量银行资产或负债的利率敏感性。在债券投资领域，久期指的是一种衡量债券价格变动对于利率变动敏感度的指标。对于银行而言，久期主要被用来评估银行的资产和负债在不同利率环境下的风险情况。

久期越长，意味着资产或负债对于利率的变动越敏感。因此，当市场利率上升时，久期长的资产或负债的价值会下降，反之则会上升。这种敏感性可以帮助银行预测并管理利率风险，以避免因市场利率变动而导致的资产和负债价值的不匹配。

对于银行而言，久期管理是一项重要的风险管理活动。通过调整资产和负债的久期结构，银行可以更好地控制其利率风险，从而保护其资产和负债的价值。此外，久期管理也有助于银行实现其盈利目标，因为通过优化久期结构，银行可以在市场利率变动时获得更好的收益。

英文：

Bank duration is a financial term primarily used to measure the interest rate sensitivity of bank assets or liabilities. In the field of bond investment, duration refers to an indicator that measures the sensitivity of bond price movements to changes in interest rates. For banks, duration is mainly used to assess the risk profile of their assets and liabilities under different interest rate environments.

A longer duration implies greater sensitivity of assets or liabilities to interest rate movements. Therefore, when market interest rates rise, the value of assets or liabilities with a long duration will decrease, and vice versa. This sensitivity helps banks predict and manage interest rate risks, avoiding mismatches in the value of assets and liabilities due to changes in market interest rates.

For banks, duration management is a crucial risk management activity. By adjusting the duration structure of assets and liabilities, banks can better control their interest rate risks, thereby protecting the value of their assets and liabilities. Additionally, duration management also assists banks in achieving their profitability objectives, as optimizing the duration structure allows banks to capture better returns during changes in market interest rates.