什么是船板交货？

中文版

船板交货，又称为“船上交货”，是指在国际贸易中，当货物在装运港越过船舷时，卖方即完成交货义务的一种贸易方式。在这种方式下，卖方负责将货物运至指定装运港并装上船，货物越过船舷后，风险和费用均由买方承担。

船板交货方式下，卖方需承担货物装上船之前的所有风险和费用，包括出口报关、装运港的装卸费用等。而买方则需要承担货物装上船之后的所有风险和费用，如运输途中的风险、进口报关费用、目的港的装卸费用等。

船板交货方式适用于海上运输的货物，特别是大宗散货和集装箱货物。这种交货方式有利于买卖双方明确责任和风险划分，减少纠纷和争议。同时，船板交货方式也具有一定的灵活性，买卖双方可以根据实际情况协商确定交货地点和交货时间。

然而，需要注意的是，船板交货方式下，货物的风险和责任在越过船舷后即刻转移给买方，因此买方需要提前做好接收货物的准备，并确保有足够的仓储和运输能力。

英文版

What is Shipboard Delivery?

Shipboard delivery, also known as "Free on Board" (FOB), is a trade term used in international trade where the seller fulfills their delivery obligation once the goods pass over the ship's rail at the loading port. Under this term, the seller is responsible for transporting the goods to the designated loading port and loading them onto the ship. Once the goods pass over the ship's rail, all risks and expenses are borne by the buyer.

In a shipboard delivery, the seller assumes all risks and expenses prior to loading the goods onto the ship, including export customs clearance and handling charges at the loading port. The buyer, on the other hand, is responsible for all risks and expenses after the goods are loaded onto the ship, such as risks during transportation, import customs clearance fees, and handling charges at the destination port.

Shipboard delivery is suitable for goods transported by sea, especially bulk cargo and containerized cargo. This delivery term helps buyers and sellers clearly define responsibilities and risk allocation, reducing disputes and controversies. Additionally, it offers flexibility, allowing both parties to negotiate the delivery location and time based on actual circumstances.

However, it's important to note that under shipboard delivery, the risks and responsibilities of the goods transfer to the buyer immediately after they pass over the ship's rail. Therefore, the buyer needs to make preparations for receiving the goods in advance and ensure sufficient storage and transportation capabilities.