期货什么情况：

中文段落：

期货市场是金融市场的重要组成部分，它为投资者提供了套期保值、发现价格、风险管理等多种功能。期货交易涉及到买卖双方约定在未来某一特定时间、以特定价格交割某种标的物的合约。那么，什么情况下投资者会考虑参与期货交易呢？

首先，当投资者预期某种商品价格将发生大幅波动时，他们可能会选择买入或卖出期货合约进行套期保值。这样做可以锁定未来的购销价格，避免因市场价格波动带来的损失。

其次，期货市场为投资者提供了一个发现价格的平台。通过期货交易，投资者可以了解未来某一时间点的商品价格预期，这对于企业的采购和销售决策具有重要指导意义。

此外，期货交易还具有风险管理的功能。投资者可以通过买卖期货合约来对冲现货市场的风险，实现资产的保值增值。例如，在农业生产中，农民可以通过卖出农产品期货合约来锁定未来的销售价格，降低因市场价格下跌带来的风险。

英文段落：

The futures market is an essential component of financial markets, providing investors with various functions such as hedging, price discovery, and risk management. Futures trading involves buyers and sellers agreeing on a contract to deliver a specific asset at a specific price at a future date. So, what situations would investors consider participating in futures trading?

Firstly, when investors expect significant fluctuations in the price of a commodity, they may choose to buy or sell futures contracts for hedging purposes. This allows them to lock in future purchase or sale prices, avoiding losses due to market price fluctuations.

Secondly, the futures market provides a platform for investors to discover prices. Through futures trading, investors can gain insights into the expected price of a commodity at a future point in time, which is crucial for corporate procurement and sales decisions.

Moreover, futures trading also has risk management functions. Investors can hedge against risks in the spot market by buying and selling futures contracts, aiming to preserve and increase asset value. For example, in agricultural production, farmers can lock in future sales prices by selling agricultural commodity futures contracts, reducing the risk of market price declines.