为什么国外很少使用输液？

近年来，随着医疗技术的进步和临床实践的不断发展，一种趋势在全球范围内逐渐显现——国外医院使用输液的比例逐渐下降。这一现象引发了人们对于国外少用输液的原因的思考。为了解答这个问题，我们需要从多个角度来探讨。

首先，国外医疗体系强调多种治疗方式的综合应用。相比于单纯依赖输液治疗的方法，国外医生更倾向于采取更多元化的治疗手段，如药物口服、肌肉注射、皮下注射等。这是因为这些治疗方式能够更好地满足患者的需求，并减少并发症的风险。因此，即使需要输液治疗，医生也会尽量选择其他治疗方式，以提高患者的治疗效果。

Secondly, the medical practices in foreign countries are often evidence-based. This means that doctors make treatment decisions based on scientific research, clinical guidelines, and patient outcomes. In the case of fluid therapy, extensive research has shown that excessive or unnecessary use of intravenous fluids can lead to complications such as fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances, and infections. This evidence has led to a more cautious approach towards the use of intravenous fluids in foreign medical settings. Instead, doctors prioritize oral rehydration or other non-invasive methods when appropriate.

其次，国外医疗系统注重防控医疗相关感染。输液是一种侵入性操作，存在患者感染的风险。为了降低这个风险，国外医疗机构采取了严格的感染预防措施，如严格的手卫生、消毒操作规范等。此外，国外医疗体系也更加注重培养医务人员的专业技能，提升他们对于感染预防的认识和实践能力。这些措施的有效实施可以减少医院内感染的发生率，从而降低输液引起的感染风险。

Lastly, economic factors also play a role in the limited use of intravenous fluids in foreign countries. Intravenous fluids can be costly, especially when considering the associated equipment, such as infusion pumps and disposable materials. In an effort to reduce healthcare expenditure, hospitals in foreign countries have implemented strategies to optimize the use of resources. This includes minimizing excessive or unnecessary use of intravenous fluids and promoting alternative methods of treatment that are more cost-effective.

总之，国外医疗体系少用输液是一个综合因素的结果。医生更倾向于多元化治疗，医学实践更加科学，感染防控措施更加严格，经济因素也在其中起到一定的影响。这些因素共同作用下，国外成功地减少了输液的使用，提高了患者的治疗质量和安全性。

In conclusion, the limited use of intravenous fluids in foreign countries can be attributed to various reasons. These include a preference for diversified treatment approaches, evidence-based medical practices, strict infection control measures, and economic considerations. By addressing these factors, foreign healthcare systems have successfully reduced the reliance on intravenous fluids, thereby improving patient outcomes and safety.

翻译对照：

Why is intravenous fluid therapy less common in foreign countries?

In recent years, a trend has emerged globally with a decrease in the utilization of intravenous fluid therapy in hospitals abroad. This phenomenon has sparked discussions regarding the reasons behind this reduced reliance on intravenous fluids. To answer this question, we need to examine it from multiple perspectives.

Firstly, the healthcare systems in foreign countries emphasize the comprehensive use of various treatment modalities. Compared to the sole reliance on intravenous fluid therapy, doctors abroad tend to adopt more diversified treatment methods, such as medication administration via oral route, intramuscular injections, and subcutaneous injections. These approaches better meet patients' needs and reduce the risk of complications. Therefore, even when intravenous fluid therapy is necessary, doctors strive to choose alternative treatment methods to improve patient outcomes.

Secondly, medical practices in foreign countries often prioritize evidence-based decision-making. This means that doctors base their treatment choices on scientific research, clinical guidelines, and patient outcomes. Extensive research on fluid therapy has shown that excessive or unnecessary intravenous fluid administration can lead to complications such as fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances, and infections. These findings have resulted in a more cautious approach towards intravenous fluid utilization in foreign medical settings. Instead, doctors prioritize oral rehydration or other non-invasive methods when appropriate.

Furthermore, infection control is a significant focus within the healthcare systems abroad. Intravenous fluid administration is an invasive procedure that carries the risk of patient infection. To mitigate this risk, foreign medical institutions have implemented strict infection prevention measures, including rigorous hand hygiene protocols and disinfection procedures. Additionally, foreign healthcare systems emphasize the development of healthcare professionals' skills to enhance their knowledge and practical abilities in infection prevention. The effective implementation of these measures can reduce hospital-acquired infection rates, thereby lowering the risk of infections associated with intravenous fluid administration.

Lastly, economic factors contribute to the limited use of intravenous fluids in foreign countries. Intravenous fluids can be costly, especially when considering associated equipment such as infusion pumps and disposable materials. In an attempt to reduce healthcare expenditure, hospitals in foreign countries have implemented strategies to optimize resource utilization. This includes minimizing excessive or unnecessary intravenous fluid administration and promoting alternative, cost-effective treatment methods.

In conclusion, the limited use of intravenous fluids in foreign healthcare systems is the result of multiple factors. Doctors' preference for diversified treatment modalities, evidence-based medical practices, strict infection control measures, and economic considerations all contribute to this trend. Through the collective influence of these factors, foreign countries have successfully reduced the reliance on intravenous fluid therapy and improved the quality and safety of patient care.