中文：

存货投资是企业为了满足生产需要而持有的原材料、在产品和产成品等。存货投资是企业运营的重要部分，也是企业实现生产和销售的重要保障。

存货投资具有以下特点：

1. 占用资金：存货投资需要企业投入一定的资金，而这些资金在短期内可能无法产生收益，对企业现金流造成压力。
2. 储存成本：存货需要储存和管理，会产生仓储、保险、维护等费用，这些成本也需要计入投资成本中。
3. 市场风险：存货市场的价格波动可能会影响存货的价值，从而影响企业的投资回报。
4. 决策风险：企业需要预测市场需求并制定相应的存货决策，如果预测失误或决策不当，可能会造成存货积压或短缺，影响企业的生产和销售。

为了降低存货投资的风险，企业可以采取以下措施：

1. 合理规划存货：企业可以根据市场需求和生产计划，合理规划存货的种类和数量，避免存货积压或短缺。
2. 建立有效的库存管理系统：企业可以建立有效的库存管理系统，对存货进行实时监控和管理，降低储存成本和管理成本。
3. 利用金融工具规避市场风险：企业可以利用金融工具如期货、期权等规避市场风险，减少价格波动对存货价值的影响。
4. 提高决策水平：企业可以通过提高决策水平，准确预测市场需求，制定合理的存货决策，降低决策风险。

英文：

Inventory investment refers to the raw materials, work in progress, and finished goods that a company holds in order to meet production needs. Inventory investment is an important part of a company's operations and an important guarantee for achieving production and sales.

Inventory investment has the following characteristics:

1. Funds occupied: Inventory investment requires companies to invest a certain amount of funds, and these funds may not generate returns in the short term, which can put pressure on corporate cash flow.
2. Storage costs: Inventory needs to be stored and managed, which generates costs such as warehousing, insurance, and maintenance, which need to be included in the investment costs.
3. Market risk: Price fluctuations in the inventory market may affect the value of inventory, thereby affecting the return on investment of companies.
4. Decision-making risk: Companies need to predict market demand and make corresponding inventory decisions. If predictions are incorrect or decisions are inappropriate, inventory may be overstocked or understocked, affecting production and sales.

To reduce the risk of inventory investment, companies can take the following measures:

1. Rational inventory planning: Companies can plan the types and quantities of inventory based on market demand and production plans to avoid inventory overstocking or understocking.
2. Establish an effective inventory management system: Companies can establish an effective inventory management system to monitor and manage inventory in real-time, reducing storage costs and management costs.
3. Use financial instruments to avoid market risks: Companies can use financial instruments such as futures, options, etc. to avoid market risks and reduce price fluctuations that affect inventory value.
4. Improve decision-making: Companies can improve decision-making accuracy by predicting market demand more accurately and making reasonable inventory decisions to reduce decision-making risks.