经营性负债率包括什么？

中文：

经营性负债率是企业财务分析中的一个重要指标，它反映了企业负债结构与经营活动的关系。简单来说，经营性负债率衡量的是企业经营活动中所需支付的负债占其总资产的比例。

经营性负债主要包括应付账款、应付票据、预收账款、应付职工薪酬、应交税费等。这些负债通常与企业的日常运营活动紧密相关，是企业正常运营所必需的。

经营性负债率的计算公式通常为：经营性负债率 = 经营性负债总额 / 总资产 × 100%。通过这个指标，我们可以了解到企业经营活动的资金来源情况，以及企业对外部资金的依赖程度。

经营性负债率的合理范围因行业而异，但一般来说，经营性负债率过高可能意味着企业面临较大的偿债压力，而经营性负债率过低则可能表明企业缺乏足够的运营资金。因此，合理控制经营性负债率是企业稳健运营的关键。

英文：

Operating debt ratio is an important indicator in corporate financial analysis, reflecting the relationship between a company's debt structure and its operating activities. In simple terms, the operating debt ratio measures the proportion of liabilities required for a company's operating activities to its total assets.

Operating liabilities mainly include accounts payable, promissory notes payable, advances from customers, employee compensation payable, taxes and dues payable, etc. These liabilities are usually closely related to the daily operational activities of a company and are necessary for its normal operation.

The formula for calculating the operating debt ratio is typically: Operating Debt Ratio = Total Operating Liabilities / Total Assets × 100%. Through this indicator, we can understand the source of funds for a company's operating activities and its degree of dependence on external funds.

The reasonable range of the operating debt ratio varies by industry, but generally speaking, a high operating debt ratio may mean that a company faces considerable debt repayment pressure, while a low operating debt ratio may indicate a lack of sufficient operating funds. Therefore, reasonably controlling the operating debt ratio is crucial for a company's stable operation.