再贴现率提高什么意思

中文段落：

再贴现率提高，通常意味着中央银行对商业银行提供的再贴现贷款所收取的利率上调。再贴现是商业银行为了解决临时资金不足，将已贴现但尚未到期的商业票据，转让给中央银行以获取资金的行为。中央银行通过调整再贴现率，可以影响商业银行的借贷成本和资金供应，进而调控整个市场的利率水平和货币供应量。

当中央银行提高再贴现率时，商业银行从中央银行获取资金的成本增加，这会使得商业银行减少向市场的贷款投放，降低市场的货币供应量。同时，由于贷款成本上升，企业和个人从商业银行借款的意愿也会下降，进一步抑制了市场的资金需求。这一系列连锁反应最终会导致市场利率上升，抑制通货膨胀，稳定物价。

然而，再贴现率提高也可能对经济产生负面影响。过高的再贴现率可能导致商业银行信贷紧缩，企业融资难度增加，进而抑制经济增长。因此，中央银行在调整再贴现率时需要权衡通货膨胀和经济增长两方面的因素。

英文段落：

The increase in the rediscount rate typically means that the central bank has raised the interest rate charged on rediscount loans provided to commercial banks. Rediscounting is a process where commercial banks, to address temporary liquidity shortages, transfer already discounted but not yet matured commercial bills to the central bank to obtain funds. By adjusting the rediscount rate, the central bank can influence the borrowing costs and supply of funds for commercial banks, thereby regulating the interest rate level and money supply in the entire market.

When the central bank raises the rediscount rate, the cost of commercial banks obtaining funds from the central bank increases, which leads to reduced lending to the market and a decrease in the money supply. Additionally, due to higher borrowing costs, the willingness of enterprises and individuals to borrow from commercial banks also decreases, further suppressing market demand for funds. This chain reaction ultimately leads to an increase in market interest rates, curbing inflation and stabilizing prices.

However, an increase in the rediscount rate can also have negative impacts on the economy. Excessively high rediscount rates may lead to credit contraction among commercial banks, making it more difficult for enterprises to obtain financing, which in turn can hinder economic growth. Therefore, when adjusting the rediscount rate, the central bank needs to strike a balance between inflation and economic growth considerations.