中文：

基尼系数是一种经济学指标，用于衡量一个国家或地区的收入分配不平等程度。它是由意大利统计与社会学家Corrado Gini在1912年提出的，因此被命名为“基尼系数”。

基尼系数的值在0到1之间，数值越低表示国家的收入分配越平等，数值越高则表示国家的收入分配越不平等。根据基尼系数的定义，如果一个国家的收入分配完全平等，那么基尼系数就为0；如果一个国家的收入分配完全不平等，那么基尼系数就为1。

基尼系数对于政策制定者来说具有重要的参考价值。通过监测基尼系数，政策制定者可以了解国家的收入分配状况，并采取相应的措施来改善收入分配的不平等问题。例如，通过提高税收和福利政策等措施来增加低收入人群的收入水平，同时限制高收入人群的收入增长速度，从而缩小收入差距。

总的来说，基尼系数是一种重要的经济学指标，用于衡量一个国家或地区的收入分配不平等程度，对于政策制定者具有重要的参考价值。

英文：

The Gini coefficient is an economic indicator used to measure the degree of income inequality in a country or region. It was proposed by Italian statistician and sociologist Corrado Gini in 1912, and therefore named the "Gini coefficient".

The value of the Gini coefficient lies between 0 and 1. A lower value indicates a more equal income distribution in the country, while a higher value indicates a more unequal income distribution. According to the definition of the Gini coefficient, if the income distribution in a country is completely equal, the Gini coefficient is 0; if the income distribution is completely unequal, the Gini coefficient is 1.

The Gini coefficient carries important reference value for policy makers. By monitoring the Gini coefficient, policy makers can understand the status of income distribution in the country and take corresponding measures to address problems of income inequality. For example, by increasing taxes and welfare policies to increase the income level of low-income groups, while limiting the growth rate of high-income groups' incomes, income gaps can be narrowed.

Overall, the Gini coefficient is an important economic indicator that measures the degree of income inequality in a country or region, and carries important reference value for policy makers.