什么叫商业泄密罪

中文版

商业泄密罪，指的是违反国家保密法规，故意或过失泄露国家重要商业秘密，给国家经济利益和商业信誉造成重大损失的行为。随着商业竞争的日益激烈，商业机密成为了企业核心竞争力的重要组成部分。因此，商业泄密罪也成为了经济犯罪领域的重要罪名之一。

商业泄密罪的主要特征包括：一是泄露的商业秘密必须具有商业价值，即能够为企业带来经济利益；二是泄露行为必须违反国家保密法规，可以是故意或过失；三是必须给国家经济利益和商业信誉造成重大损失。对于商业泄密罪的认定，需要综合考虑泄露的商业秘密的价值、泄露行为的性质、泄露后对企业和国家的影响等因素。

商业泄密罪的刑事责任包括有期徒刑、罚金等。同时，企业也可以依法追究泄密者的民事责任，要求赔偿经济损失。为了防范商业泄密罪的发生，企业应加强保密管理，完善保密制度，提高员工的保密意识，确保商业秘密不被泄露。

英文版

What is Commercial Espionage?

Commercial espionage refers to the act of intentionally or negligently disclosing important commercial secrets of a country, violating national confidentiality regulations, and causing significant losses to the country's economic interests and commercial reputation. With the increasing competitiveness in the business world, commercial secrets have become a crucial component of a company's core competitiveness. Consequently, commercial espionage has emerged as one of the significant economic crimes.

The main characteristics of commercial espionage include: first, the disclosed commercial secret must have commercial value, meaning it can bring economic benefits to the enterprise; second, the disclosure must violate national confidentiality regulations, either intentionally or negligently; third, it must cause significant losses to the country's economic interests and commercial reputation. The determination of commercial espionage requires comprehensive consideration of factors such as the value of the disclosed commercial secret, the nature of the disclosure, and its impact on the enterprise and the country.

The criminal liability for commercial espionage includes fixed-term imprisonment, fines, etc. Additionally, enterprises can also pursue the civil liability of the person who disclosed the secret according to law and demand compensation for economic losses. To prevent the occurrence of commercial espionage, enterprises should strengthen confidentiality management, improve confidentiality systems, enhance employees' awareness of confidentiality, and ensure that commercial secrets are not disclosed.