如何做床旁心电图

床旁心电图（Bedside Electrocardiography）是一种非侵入性的心脏监测方法，可以在床边快速获取患者的心电图信息。该技术在临床上得到广泛应用，对于心脏疾病的诊断和监测起着重要作用。本文将介绍如何进行床旁心电图检测。

1. 准备工作

在进行床旁心电图检测之前，需要准备一些必要的设备和材料。首先，确保床边有一台心电图机，它可以记录患者的心电信号。此外，还需要准备一套心电导联贴片、导联线和胶皮衬垫。导联贴片是固定在患者身上的电极，用于传输心电信号。导联线将导联贴片与心电图机连接起来。胶皮衬垫用于保护患者的皮肤，并提供更好的导联效果。

Preparation

Before performing bedside electrocardiography, it is necessary to prepare some essential equipment and materials. First, make sure there is an electrocardiogram machine beside the bed, which can record the patient's cardiac signals. In addition, a set of electrode pads, lead wires, and adhesive pads are needed. The electrode pads are electrodes that are attached to the patient's body to transmit the cardiac signals. The lead wires connect the electrode pads to the electrocardiogram machine. The adhesive pads are used to protect the patient's skin and provide better electrode contact.

2. 安置导联贴片

将患者的上肢裸露，清洁皮肤并擦干。然后，在特定的位置放置导联贴片。一般来说，需要在胸部放置六个导联贴片，分别位于第四肋间隙右侧、第四肋间隙左侧、左腋前线、右腋前线、臆前线、臆间线。此外，还需在双肩胛骨下方附近放置两个导联贴片，用于记录心电信号。

Placement of electrode pads

Expose the patient's upper limbs, clean the skin, and dry it. Then, place the electrode pads in specific positions. Generally, six electrode pads are placed on the chest, at the right fourth intercostal space, left fourth intercostal space, left midclavicular line, right midclavicular line, epigastric area, and midline of the abdomen. In addition, two electrode pads should be placed near the lower scapulae to record the cardiac signals.

3. 连接导联线

将导联线的连接器插入导联贴片上的插孔中。确保连接器和插孔匹配，并且插入牢固。然后，将另一端的连接器插入心电图机上相应的插口。确保连接稳固，没有松动或脱落。

Connecting the lead wires

Insert the connectors of the lead wires into the sockets on the electrode pads. Make sure the connectors and sockets match and are securely inserted. Then, insert the connectors on the other end into the corresponding ports on the electrocardiogram machine. Ensure a secure connection without any looseness or detachment.

4. 开始记录心电图

确保设备连接正常后，操作心电图机开始记录心电图。一般来说，在开始记录前，需要输入患者的个人信息，例如姓名、年龄和性别。然后，按下记录按钮，让设备开始记录心电图信号。在记录过程中，要保持患者安静，尽量减少干扰。

Starting the electrocardiogram recording

After ensuring proper equipment connection, operate the electrocardiogram machine to start recording the electrocardiogram. Generally, before starting the recording, patient information such as name, age, and gender needs to be entered. Then, press the record button to let the machine start capturing the cardiac signals. During the recording, it is important to keep the patient calm and minimize any interference.

床旁心电图是一项简单而有效的心脏监测方法，可以在床边快速获取患者的心电图信息。通过正确准备设备和材料，并正确安置导联贴片，以及连接导联线，可以确保获得准确的心电图数据。这项技术不仅提供了对心脏疾病的诊断和监测，还可以在急诊情况下快速评估患者的心脏状况。

Bedside electrocardiography is a simple and effective method to monitor the heart, allowing for quick acquisition of the patient's cardiac information at the bedside. By properly preparing the equipment and materials, placing the electrode pads correctly, and connecting the lead wires securely, accurate electrocardiogram data can be obtained. This technique not only provides diagnosis and monitoring of cardiac diseases but also allows for rapid evaluation of the patient's cardiac condition in emergency situations.

English Translation:

How to Perform Bedside Electrocardiography

Bedside electrocardiography is a non-invasive method for monitoring the heart, allowing for quick acquisition of the patient's electrocardiogram (ECG) information. This technique has been widely used in clinical practice and plays an important role in the diagnosis and monitoring of cardiac diseases. This article will introduce how to perform bedside ECG monitoring.

1. Preparation

Before performing bedside ECG, some necessary equipment and materials need to be prepared. First, ensure that there is an ECG machine beside the bed, which can record the patient's cardiac signals. Additionally, a set of electrode pads, lead wires, and adhesive pads are required. The electrode pads serve as electrodes attached to the patient's body to transmit the cardiac signals. The lead wires connect the electrode pads to the ECG machine. The adhesive pads protect the patient's skin and provide better electrode contact.

2. Placement of Electrode Pads

Expose the patient's upper limbs, clean the skin, and dry it. Then, place the electrode pads in specific positions. Generally, six electrode pads are placed on the chest, at the right fourth intercostal space, left fourth intercostal space, left midclavicular line, right midclavicular line, epigastric area, and abdominal midline. In addition, two electrode pads should be placed near the lower scapulae to record the cardiac signals.

3. Connecting the Lead Wires

Insert the connectors of the lead wires into the sockets on the electrode pads. Ensure that the connectors and sockets match and are securely inserted. Then, insert the connectors on the other end into the corresponding ports on the ECG machine. Ensure a secure connection without any looseness or detachment.

4. Starting the ECG Recording

After ensuring proper equipment connection, operate the ECG machine to start recording the ECG. Generally, before starting the recording, patient information such as name, age, and gender needs to be inputted. Then, press the record button to let the machine start capturing the cardiac signals. During the recording, it is important to keep the patient calm and minimize any interference.

Bedside electrocardiography is a simple yet effective method for cardiac monitoring, allowing for quick acquisition of the patient's ECG information at the bedside. By properly preparing the equipment and materials, correctly placing the electrode pads, and connecting the lead wires, accurate ECG data can be obtained. This technique not only provides diagnosis and monitoring of cardiac diseases but also enables rapid assessment of the patient's cardiac condition in emergency situations.