为什么喝纯牛奶会拉肚子？

纯牛奶是许多人早餐或加餐的常见食品之一。然而，有些人可能会在喝纯牛奶后出现腹泻的症状。这对于那些爱喝牛奶但却受到消化问题困扰的人来说，是一个令人困惑的问题。在解决这个问题之前，我们需要了解一些与牛奶相关的基本知识。

牛奶是一种营养丰富的液体食品，含有蛋白质、钙、维生素D等重要营养成分。然而，牛奶中也含有乳糖，这是一种由乳糖酶分解的碳水化合物。乳糖酶是一种能够将乳糖分解成葡萄糖和半乳糖的酶类物质。然而，有些人的身体缺乏乳糖酶，导致他们无法将乳糖消化吸收。当他们摄入牛奶或其他乳制品时，乳糖便会在肠道中积聚，引起腹泻等消化问题。

Why does drinking pure milk cause diarrhea?

Pure milk is a common food for many people's breakfasts or snacks. However, some people may experience symptoms of diarrhea after drinking pure milk. This is a perplexing issue for those who love milk but suffer from digestive problems. Before addressing this issue, we need to understand some basic facts about milk.

Milk is a nutrient-rich liquid food that contains important nutrients such as protein, calcium, and vitamin D. However, milk also contains lactose, which is a carbohydrate that needs to be broken down by lactase. Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose. However, some people's bodies lack lactase, preventing them from digesting and absorbing lactose. When they consume milk or other dairy products, lactose accumulates in the intestines and causes digestive issues such as diarrhea.

对于乳糖不耐受的人来说，他们身体不能有效地消化和利用牛奶中的乳糖。当他们摄入乳糖时，它会通过肠道进入结肠，在那里会被细菌分解。这个过程产生了大量的气体和有机酸，刺激肠道并导致腹泻。此外，未消化的乳糖还会吸引水分进入肠道，增加肠蠕动和粪便频率，加速粪便通过肠道的过程。

For individuals with lactose intolerance, their bodies cannot effectively digest and utilize lactose in milk. When they consume lactose, it passes through the intestines into the colon, where it is broken down by bacteria. This process produces a significant amount of gas and organic acids, which irritate the intestines and result in diarrhea. In addition, undigested lactose also draws water into the intestines, increasing bowel movements and fecal frequency, accelerating the passage of stool through the intestines.

乳糖不耐受是一种常见的消化问题，影响着全球大约65%的人口。这一问题主要发生在亚洲、非洲和南美洲的族群中，而欧洲人和北美人往往对乳糖耐受性具有较高的敏感性。乳糖不耐受可以是遗传的，也可以是由于肠道感染、损伤或其他消化问题引起的。如果您怀疑自己对乳糖不耐受，请咨询医生进行确诊。

Lactose intolerance is a common digestive problem that affects approximately 65% of the global population. This issue is prevalent in populations from Asia, Africa, and South America, while individuals of European and North American descent tend to have a higher tolerance for lactose. Lactose intolerance can be genetic or caused by intestinal infections, damage, or other digestive issues. If you suspect that you have lactose intolerance, consult a healthcare professional for a diagnosis.

为了减轻由牛奶引起的腹泻症状，有几种方法可以尝试。首先，选择低乳糖或无乳糖的牛奶替代品，比如豆奶或椰奶。这些产品不含乳糖，因此不会引起腹泻。其次，您可以尝试在饮用牛奶前服用乳糖酶补充剂。这些补充剂可以提供缺乏的乳糖酶，帮助消化乳糖，并减少腹泻的发生。最后，逐渐适应牛奶摄入量也是一个好方法。开始时只喝少量的牛奶，然后逐渐增加摄入量，以让身体适应和消化乳糖。

To alleviate the diarrhea symptoms caused by milk, there are several methods you can try. Firstly, opt for lactose-free or low-lactose milk alternatives such as soy milk or coconut milk. These products do not contain lactose, thus avoiding diarrhea. Secondly, you can consider taking lactase enzyme supplements before consuming milk. These supplements provide the lacking lactase and aid in lactose digestion, reducing the occurrence of diarrhea. Lastly, gradually adapting to the intake of milk is also a good approach. Start by drinking a small amount of milk and then gradually increase the intake to allow your body to adjust and digest lactose.

喝纯牛奶会导致腹泻的原因是乳糖不耐受，而这是一种常见的消化问题。了解自己对乳糖的敏感程度以及采取适当的措施可以帮助您继续享受牛奶的营养价值，而不会导致不适的消化问题。

The reason why drinking pure milk can cause diarrhea is lactose intolerance, which is a common digestive issue. Understanding your sensitivity to lactose and taking appropriate measures can help you continue to enjoy the nutritional value of milk without experiencing discomfort from digestive problems.