先天性耳前瘘管是一种常见的先天性畸形，它通常表现为耳廓前部的一个小孔或突出物。耳前瘘管通常与内耳和中耳之间的连接有关，这使得瘘管能够将液体从耳廓运送到耳腔内部。那么，为什么先天性耳前瘘管会有液体呢？

研究表明，耳前瘘管中的液体主要来源于两个方面：瘘管自身的分泌物和外部环境引入的液体。

首先，耳前瘘管本身会分泌一定量的液体。该液体主要由细胞分泌而来，其中含有水分、盐分和其他有机物质。这些分泌物有助于保持瘘管的正常功能，并帮助排除杂质和细菌。然而，如果分泌物过多或分泌物中的成分发生变化，就可能导致液体在瘘管中积聚。

其次，外部环境也会引入液体进入耳前瘘管。如同我们经常看到的，当我们洗脸或洗澡时，水会进入耳朵中。对于正常的人来说，这些水分会通过耳道自行排出。但对于先天性耳前瘘管来说，由于其与内耳和中耳间的连接，水分可以进入耳腔内部，从而导致液体积聚。

液体的积聚可能会导致一些问题。首先，由于液体的存在，耳前瘘管周围的皮肤容易受到湿疹和感染的影响。这是因为湿润环境有利于细菌滋生，并且皮肤长时间暴露在湿润环境下容易受损。其次，液体的积聚还可能引起瘘管的不适感，如疼痛或灼热感。这些症状可能会对个体的生活质量产生负面影响。

针对液体积聚的问题，目前有几种常用的治疗方法。首先，医生可以建议患者避免将水分进入耳朵中，尤其是洗脸或洗澡时要小心。此外，局部抗生素药物也可以用于预防感染。对于严重的情况，手术可能是必要的选择。手术通常包括关闭瘘管或修复可能存在的结构异常，以减少液体积聚的风险。

总之，先天性耳前瘘管之所以有液体，主要是由于瘘管自身的分泌物和外部环境引入的液体。液体的积聚可能会导致一些不适和并发症，因此及时采取适当的治疗措施是必要的。医生的指导和建议对于处理这一问题非常重要。

Translation:

Why Does Congenital Preauricular Fistula Have Fluid?

Congenital preauricular fistula is a common congenital malformation characterized by a small hole or protrusion in the front part of the ear. The fistula is usually associated with a connection between the inner and middle ear, which allows it to transport fluid from the earlobe to the inner ear. So why does congenital preauricular fistula have fluid?

Research suggests that the fluid in the preauricular fistula mainly comes from two sources: secretion from the fistula itself and fluid introduced from the external environment.

Firstly, the fistula itself secretes a certain amount of fluid. This fluid is mainly secreted by cells and contains water, salt, and other organic substances. These secretions help to maintain the normal function of the fistula and facilitate the elimination of impurities and bacteria. However, if there is excessive secretion or a change in the composition of the secretions, it may lead to the accumulation of fluid within the fistula.

Secondly, the external environment can also introduce fluid into the preauricular fistula. As we often see, when we wash our face or take a shower, water can enter the ears. For normal individuals, this water will be naturally drained through the ear canal. However, for individuals with congenital preauricular fistula, water can enter the inner ear due to the connection between the fistula and the inner and middle ear, leading to the accumulation of fluid.

The accumulation of fluid can cause several issues. Firstly, the presence of fluid makes the skin around the preauricular fistula prone to eczema and infection. This is because a moist environment favors bacterial growth, and prolonged exposure of the skin to moisture can lead to damage. Secondly, the accumulation of fluid may also cause discomfort in the fistula, such as pain or a burning sensation. These symptoms can have a negative impact on an individual's quality of life.

Several common treatment methods are available for addressing fluid accumulation. Firstly, doctors may advise patients to avoid introducing water into the ears, especially when washing the face or taking a shower. In addition, topical antibiotic medications can be used to prevent infection. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary. Surgical options typically involve closing the fistula or repairing any structural abnormalities that may be present to reduce the risk of fluid accumulation.

In conclusion, the fluid presence in congenital preauricular fistula is mainly due to the secretion from the fistula itself and fluid introduced from the external environment. The accumulation of fluid can cause discomfort and complications, necessitating timely intervention. Medical guidance and advice are crucial in addressing this issue.