好英语网九个要点，带你了解特朗普如何“推特治国”
Donald J. Trump has exploited social media like no other American president, using it as a springboard to change policy, as a cudgel against critics and as an outlet for self-affirmation. “He needs to tweet like we need to eat,” said Kellyanne Conway, his White House counselor.
唐纳德·J·特朗普对社交媒体的利用不同于其他美国总统，他把它作为改变政策的跳板、反对批评的棍棒和表达自我肯定的途径。“他需要发推就像我们需要吃饭一样，”他的白宫顾问凯莉安·康维(Kellyanne Conway)说。
Along the way, he has lent credibility to unsavory Twitter accounts through his habit of retweeting posts that catch his attention, seemingly without regard for who is behind them or their motives.
一直以来，他习惯转发引其注意的帖子，似乎没有考虑它们的背后是谁，也不考虑其动机。这给那些令人讨厌的Twitter账户增加了可信度。
In three articles, The New York Times analyzed Mr. Trump’s posts, studied the accounts he follows and interviewed dozens of administration officials, lawmakers, Twitter executives and ordinary Americans caught up in his tweets. Here are some of our findings.
在三篇文章中，《纽约时报》分析了特朗普的帖子，研究了他关注的账户，并采访了几十名政府官员、议员、Twitter高管和推文涉及的普通美国人。以下是我们的一些发现。
Attack, attack, attack — with a notable exception
攻击、攻击、再攻击，不过有个明显的例外
Over half of the president’s more than 11,000 tweets are attacks, aimed at everything and everyone from the Russia investigation and the Federal Reserve to black football players and Amazon’s founder, Jeff Bezos. But in more than 2,000 tweets, Mr. Trump has cited one person for praise: himself.
总统超过1.1万条的推文半数以上都是在攻击，目标从俄罗斯调查、美联储到黑人橄榄球运动员及亚马逊创始人杰夫·贝佐斯(Jeff Bezos)，不一而足。但在2000多条推文中，特朗普引用了一个人的话来赞美，那个人就是他自己。
The president’s staff wanted his tweets on a 15-minute delay
总统的工作人员曾希望他的推文延迟15分钟发布
Early in Mr. Trump’s presidency, The Times learned, top aides discussed asking Twitter to impose a 15-minute delay on his account, not unlike the five-second naughty-word system used by television networks. But they quickly abandoned the idea after recognizing the political peril if the idea leaked to the press — or to their boss.
时报了解到，在特朗普就任总统之初，他的高级助手曾讨论要求Twitter对他的账户实行15分钟的延迟，类似电视网采用的5秒脏话延迟系统。但他们很快就放弃了这个想法，因为他们意识到，这个想法若是让媒体或他们的老板知道，会带来政治风险。
Foreign intelligence services try to catch his attention
外国情报机构试图引起他的注意
Twitter accounts tied to state-sponsored propaganda operations in Iran and Russia have directed thousands of posts at Mr. Trump. The accounts frequently promoted conspiracy theories or support for Mr. Trump’s policies. One wrote, “We love you Mr. President!” Mr. Trump retweeted it.
一些Twitter账户与伊朗和俄罗斯国家支持的政治宣传活动有关，它们将数千条帖子直接推给了特朗普。这些账户经常宣扬阴谋论或支持特朗普的政策。其中一条写道，“我们爱您，总统先生！”特朗普予以转发。
Mr. Trump’s retweets have given a boost to extremists
特朗普的转发助长了极端分子
The president has retweeted at least 145 unverified accounts that push conspiracy or extremist content, including more than two dozen that have since been suspended by Twitter. Among them are white nationalists, anti-Muslim bigots and adherents of QAnon, a conspiracy theory involving satanic pedophiles and the “deep state” whose followers have been labeled a potential domestic terror threat by the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
总统转发了至少145个未经验证的账户，这些账户推送阴谋论或极端主义内容，其中20多个账户已经被Twitter封停。它们包括白人种族主义者、反穆斯林偏执狂和“匿名者Q”(QAnon)的追随者，后者是一个涉及邪恶恋童癖和“深层政府”(deep state)的阴谋论，美国联邦调查局已将其追随者列为潜在的国内恐怖威胁。
He doesn’t follow back
他不会关注回去
Much of the questionable material Mr. Trump recirculates comes from the steady flow of tweets, about 1,000 per minute, that tag his handle. But it also comes from the tiny number of accounts that Mr. Trump follows and that make up his curated feed — just 47 at present, most of them members of his family, celebrities, Fox News hosts or Republican politicians. Some of those people, in turn, follow Twitter accounts that promote QAnon, express anti-Islam attitudes or espouse white nationalist views.
特朗普转发的很多有问题的内容都来自于源源不断的推文流，每分钟大约1000条，这些推文都以他的名字为标签。但这些内容也来自特朗普关注的少量账户，这些账户构成了他挑选过的资讯来源——目前仅有47个，其中大多数是他的家人、名人、福克斯新闻(Fox News)的主持人或共和党人士。其中一些人反过来也会关注那些推广“匿名者Q”、表达反伊斯兰态度或支持白人民族主义观点的Twitter账户。
You’ve probably never seen him tweet in public
你可能从未见过他在公共场合发推
That’s because he doesn’t like to wear the reading glasses he needs to see his iPhone screen. Instead, the president dictates tweets to Dan Scavino, the White House social media director. Sometimes, Mr. Scavino prints out suggested tweets in extra-large fonts for Mr. Trump to sign off on.
那是因为他不喜欢戴上看iPhone屏幕的老花镜。相反，总统向白宫社交媒体主管丹·斯卡维诺(Dan Scavino)口授推文。有时候，斯卡维诺会用超大字体打印出推荐的推文，让特朗普签字同意。
2015年，特朗普在用Twitter。自当选以来，很少有人看到他在公共场合发推，因为他不喜欢戴老花镜。
Mornings are for tweeting
早上发推
Mr. Trump’s Twitter habit is most intense at the start of the day, when he is in the White House residence, often watching Fox News, scrolling through his Twitter mentions and turning the platform into what one aide called the “ultimate weapon of mass dissemination.” Nearly half of his “attack tweets” were sent between 6 a.m. and 10 a.m., time that he spends mostly without advisers present.
特朗普发推的习惯在一天开始时最为强烈，这时他在白宫官邸，往往是在看福克斯新闻，翻阅他的Twitter内容，把这个平台变成一名助手所说的“大众传播的终极武器”。他的“攻击推文”有近一半是在早上6点到10点之间发出的，此时他大部分时间都没有顾问在场。
We read every single presidential tweet ever
我们阅读了总统的每一条推文
The president has bragged 183 times about his crowd size or applause at events; attacked immigrants 570 times; praised dictators 132 times; and called the news media the “enemy of the people” 36 times. On 16 occasions, Mr. Trump referred to himself as everyone’s “favorite president.”
总统吹嘘他在活动中的人群规模或获得的掌声共183次；攻击移民570次；赞美独裁者132次；并36次将新闻媒体称为“人民公敌”。有16次，特朗普称自己是大家“最喜欢的总统”。
Twitter is not real life
Twitter不是现实生活
According to data from YouGov, which polls about each of the president’s tweets, some of the topics on which Mr. Trump gets the most “likes” and retweets — jabs at the N.F.L., posts about the special counsel’s investigation, unfounded allegations of widespread voter fraud — poll poorly with the general public.
根据舆观调查公司(YouGov)对总统每条推文进行的民调发现，特朗普获得最多点“赞”和转发的一些话题——对NFL（美国职业橄榄球大联盟）的抨击、关于特别检察官调查的帖子、称普遍存在选民作弊行为的毫无根据的指控——在公众中的支持率很低。