好英语网5个要点，迅速了解特朗普弹劾调查最新关键证词
WASHINGTON — Gordon D. Sondland, the United States ambassador to the European Union, delivered explosive testimony to the House Intelligence Committee on Wednesday in the latest round of public hearings in the impeachment inquiry.
华盛顿——周三，美国驻欧盟大使戈登·D·桑德兰(Gordon D. Sondland)在众议院情报委员会(House Intelligence Committee)最新一轮的弹劾调查听证会上发表了爆炸性证词。
In his opening statement, Mr. Sondland directly implicated members of the Trump administration — including President Trump himself — in a pressure campaign on Ukraine to launch investigations into Mr. Trump’s political rivals. Here are some key takeaways from Mr. Sondland’s testimony.
在开场陈词中，桑德兰直接提及特朗普政府成员——包括特朗普总统本人——参与了向乌克兰施压的活动，要求对特朗普的政治对手展开调查。以下是桑德兰证词的一些要点。
周三，美国驻欧盟大使戈登·桑德兰在国会作证。
Sondland: ‘We followed the president’s orders.’
桑德兰：“我们听从了总统的命令。”
Opening statement, Page 4: Secretary Perry, Ambassador Volker and I worked with Mr. Rudy Giuliani on Ukraine matters at the express direction of the President of the United States. We did not want to work with Mr. Giuliani. Simply put, we were playing the hand we were dealt. We all understood that if we refused to work with Mr. Giuliani, we would lose a very important opportunity to cement relations between the United States and Ukraine. So we followed the President’s orders.
开场陈词第4页：在美国总统的明确指示下，佩里部长、沃尔克大使和我与鲁迪·朱利安尼(Rudy Giuliani)在乌克兰问题上进行合作。我们不想和朱利安尼合作。简单地说，我们只能见机行事。我们都明白，如果我们拒绝与朱利安尼合作，就将失去巩固美国和乌克兰关系的一个非常重要的机会。所以我们听从了总统的命令。
Mr. Sondland told the committee that Mr. Trump directed the Ukraine pressure campaign, that Secretary of State Mike Pompeo signed off, and that Vice President Mike Pence was told about an apparent link between Ukraine’s military aid and the investigations the president desired. He confirmed that there was a “clear quid pro quo” for a White House meeting between Mr. Trump and Ukraine’s president.
桑德兰告诉委员会，特朗普发出了向乌克兰施压的指示，且有国务卿迈克·庞皮欧(Mike Pompeo)签字同意，副总统迈克·彭斯(Mike Pence)被告知，乌克兰的军事援助与总统希望的调查之间存在明显的联系。他证实，特朗普和乌克兰总统在白宫的会面有着“明确的交换条件”。
Trump’s priority was that the Ukrainians had to announce that they would start the investigations, Mr. Sondland said.
桑德兰说，特朗普的优先事项是，乌克兰必须宣布他们将启动调查。
Questioning by Daniel S. Goldman, the Democrats’ lawyer: Q: “Now, for Mr. Giuliani by this point, you understood that in order to get that White House meeting — that you wanted President Zelensky to have and that President Zelensky desperately wanted to have — that Ukraine would have to initiate these two investigations. Is that right?”
民主党律师丹尼尔·S·古德曼(Daniel S. Goldman)提问：“这时候，在朱利安尼而言，你知道为了得到白宫会面的机会——你希望泽伦斯基总统得到这次会见，泽伦斯基总统也迫切希望得到这次会见——乌克兰将不得不启动这两个调查。对吗？”
A: “Well, they would have to announce that they were going to do it.”
答：“嗯，他们必须宣布他们要这么做。”
Q: “Right. Because Giuliani and President Trump didn’t actually care if they did them, right?”
问：“好吧。因为朱利安尼和特朗普总统实际上并不在乎他们是不是真的会这样做，对吧？”
A: “I never heard, Mr. Goldman, anyone say that the investigations had to start or had to be completed. The only thing I heard from Mr. Giuliani or otherwise was that they had to be announced in some form and that form kept changing.”
答：“古德曼先生，我从来没听过有人说调查必须开始或必须完成。我从朱利安尼或其他方面听到的唯一一件事是，乌克兰必须以某种形式宣布它，而这种形式一直在变化。”
Mr. Sondland explained to the Democrats’ chief counsel that Mr. Trump’s demand on Ukraine seemed to prioritize the announcement of investigations into his rivals more than it did completing an actual investigation. As far as Mr. Trump was concerned, Ukraine’s announcement that it was investigating the Bidens as part of Mr. Zelensky’s anti-corruption agenda could be damaging enough.
桑德兰向民主党的首席法律顾问解释说，特朗普对乌克兰的要求首先似乎是宣布对他的对手展开调查，而不是完成一项实际调查。就特朗普而言，乌克兰宣布正在调查拜登父子，作为泽伦斯基反腐议程的一部分，这样的破坏性可能已经足够大了。
‘Everyone was in the loop’: Sondland cast blame on senior administration officials.
“所有人都知情”：桑德兰谴责政府高级官员。
Mr. Sondland told lawmakers about interactions with senior administration officials who have tried to keep some distance from the pressure campaign. He mentioned Vice President Mike Pence, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and the president’s acting chief of staff, Mick Mulvaney, dragging them further into the circle of people who knew about Mr. Trump’s and Mr. Giuliani’s Ukraine foreign policy plan.
桑德兰向议员们讲述了他和试图与施压行动保持一定距离的政府高级官员之间的互动。他提到了副总统迈克·彭斯、国务卿迈克·庞皮欧和总统的代幕僚长米克·马尔瓦尼(Mick Mulvaney)，把他们进一步拉进了解特朗普和朱利安尼的乌克兰外交政策计划的圈子。
Opening statement, Page 14-15: Within my State Department emails, there is a July 19 email. This email was sent to Secretary Pompeo, Secretary Perry, Brian McCormack, who was Secretary Perry’s Chief of Staff at the time, Ms. [Lisa] Kenna, who is the executive secretariat for Secretary Pompeo, Chief of Staff Mulvaney, and Mr. Mulvaney’s Senior Advisor Rob Blair. A lot of senior officials. A lot of senior officials. Here is my exact quote from that email:
开场陈词第14-15页：在我的国务院电子邮件中，有一封7月19日的邮件。这封邮件发给了庞皮欧国务卿、佩里部长、时任佩里部长幕僚长的布莱恩·麦考马克(Brian McCormack)、庞皮欧国务卿的执行秘书（丽莎·）肯纳([Lisa] Kenna)、马尔瓦尼幕僚长以及马尔瓦尼的高级顾问罗布·布莱尔(Rob Blair)。很多高级官员。很多高级官员。以下是我在那封邮件中的原话:
“I Talked to Zelensky just now… He is prepared to receive Potus’ call. Will assure him that he intends to run a fully transparent investigation and will ‘turn over every stone’. He would greatly appreciate a call prior to Sunday so that he can put out some media about a ‘friendly and productive call’ (no details) prior to Ukraine election on Sunday." Chief of Staff Mick Mulvaney responded: “I asked NSC to set it up for tomorrow.”
“我刚才和泽伦斯基谈过了……他准备接受总统的电话。将向总统保证，他打算进行一项完全透明的调查，会‘事无巨细’地查。如果能在周日之前给他打电话，他会非常感激，这样他就能在周日乌克兰大选之前在媒体上公布这个‘友好而富有成效的电话’（不谈细节）。”白宫幕僚长米克·马尔瓦尼回复：“我已要求国家安全委员会准备明天的事。”
Everyone was in the loop. It was no secret. Everyone was informed via email on July 19, days before the Presidential call.
所有人都知情。这不是秘密。7月19日，也就是总统和泽伦斯基通话的前几天，所有人都通过电子邮件得到了通知。
He also mentioned Mr. Trump’s former national security adviser, John R. Bolton, testifying that he was surprised that Mr. Bolton had called him in late August to request Mr. Giuliani’s contact information before a visit to Kyiv.
他还提到了特朗普的前国家安全顾问约翰·R·博尔顿(John R. Bolton)，他作证说，博尔顿在8月底访问基辅之前打电话给他，要求提供朱利安尼的联系方式，他对此感到惊讶。
For the first time, Sondland described in public a ‘quid pro quo’ involving investigations desired by Trump.
桑德兰第一次公开描述特朗普为他所期望的调查提供的“交换条件”。
Mr. Sondland told lawmakers that Mr. Giuliani was asking for a “quid pro quo” — a visit to the White House for Mr. Zelensky in exchange for a “public statement” announcing corruption investigations into widely debunked theories that could benefit Mr. Trump politically.
桑德兰对议员们说，朱利安尼是在要求“交换条件”——让泽伦斯基去白宫，换取一份“公开声明”，宣布对遭到广泛驳斥、可能对特朗普有利的腐败说法展开调查。
Opening statement, Page 5: Mr. Giuliani demanded that Ukraine make a public statement announcing the investigations of the 2016 election/DNC server and Burisma. Mr. Giuliani was expressing the desires of the President of the United States, and we knew these investigations were important to the President.
开场陈词第5页：朱利安尼要求乌克兰发表一份公开声明，宣布对2016年选举/DNC服务器和布里斯玛公司(Burisma)的调查。朱利安尼表达的是美国总统的愿望，我们知道这些调查对总统很重要。
He contradicted other witnesses, saying there was only one channel of foreign policy with Ukraine.
他的说法和其他证人不同，称对乌克兰的外交政策只有一个渠道。
Opening statement, Page 4-5: We made every effort to ensure that the relevant decision makers at the National Security Council and the State Department knew the important details of our efforts. The suggestion that we were engaged in some irregular or rogue diplomacy is absolutely false. I have now identified certain State Department emails and messages that provide contemporaneous support for my view. These emails show that the leadership of the State Department, the NSC, and the White House were all informed about the Ukraine efforts from May 23, 2019, until the security aid was released on September 11, 2019. I will quote from some of those messages with you shortly.
开场陈词第4-5页：我们尽一切努力确保国家安全委员会和国务院的相关决策者了解我们工作的重要细节。认为我们从事了某种不正规或异常的外交活动的说法是完全错误的。我现在已经确认了一些国务院的电子邮件和信息，它们为我的观点提供了同期的支持。这些邮件显示，从2019年5月23日，到2019年9月11日安全援助公布那天，乌克兰的行动都被告知给美国国务院、国家安全委员会和白宫的领导层。我稍后会引用其中一些信息。
Page 6: Any claim that I somehow “muscled” my way into the Ukraine relationship is simply false.
第6页：任何声称我以某种方式“强行”介入乌克兰关系的说法都是错误的。
Contradicting testimonies from other witnesses, Mr. Sondland denied the idea that there was a back channel with Ukraine that was operating in the shadows of the typical foreign policy portfolio.
与其他证人的证词相矛盾的是，桑德兰否认同乌克兰之间存在典型外交政策手段掩护下运作的秘密渠道。