2018年残障金是多少？

随着社会的进步和人们对残障人士权益的关注，各国纷纷设立了残疾人福利金或残疾补贴等政策，旨在改善残障人士的生活状况和提供必要的经济支持。而2018年，各国的残障金标准也各有不同。

在中国，残障金的发放标准由国家卫生健康委员会制定并实施。根据《中华人民共和国残疾人保障法》的规定，中度及以上残疾人享受一次性护理费、生活补贴和就业培训补贴三项基本保障。而具体的补贴标准则根据残疾程度和所在地的经济发展水平而定。以2018年为例，在北京市，一级（重度）残疾人可以获得每月450元的生活补贴；二级（中度）残疾人可以获得每月300元的生活补贴；三级（轻度）残疾人可以获得每月150元的生活补贴。

In China, the standards for disability benefits are set and implemented by the National Health Commission. According to the provisions of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Disabled Persons, individuals with medium or higher levels of disabilities are entitled to three basic benefits: lump-sum nursing care fees, living allowances, and employment training subsidies. The specific subsidy standards are determined based on the degree of disability and the economic development level of the locality. Taking 2018 as an example, in Beijing, individuals with level 1 (severe) disabilities can receive a monthly living allowance of 450 yuan; those with level 2 (moderate) disabilities can receive a monthly living allowance of 300 yuan; and those with level 3 (mild) disabilities can receive a monthly living allowance of 150 yuan.

在美国，残障金的发放标准由联邦政府的社会保障局负责。根据美国社会保障法案，残疾人士可以申请社会安全残疾金（Social Security Disability Insurance，SSDI）或补充安全收入（Supplemental Security Income，SSI）。SSDI主要针对那些曾参与过社会保险系统的工作者，其金额是基于个人的工作历史和缴纳的社会保险税款来确定。而SSI则是给予那些没有足够工作历史或收入较低的残障人士的经济援助，其金额则由每个州进行具体决定。

In the United States, the standards for disability benefits are administered by the Social Security Administration, a federal agency. Under the U.S. Social Security Act, disabled individuals can apply for Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income (SSI). SSDI is primarily for individuals who have participated in the social insurance system and the amount is determined based on an individual's work history and the amount of social insurance taxes paid. On the other hand, SSI provides economic assistance to disabled individuals with insufficient work history or low income, and the amount varies from state to state.

在欧洲，不同国家的残障金标准也存在一定的差异。例如在德国，残障金的发放标准由联邦劳工与社会事务部制定。根据德国的社会保险法，残疾人士可以享受包括护理补贴、交通费补贴、特殊设备费用补贴在内的多种福利。而具体的金额则根据个人的残疾程度和生活所需来确定。

In Europe, there are also differences in disability benefit standards among different countries. For example, in Germany, the standards for disability benefits are established by the Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs. According to Germany's Social Insurance Code, disabled individuals are entitled to a variety of benefits, including nursing allowances, transportation cost allowances, and subsidies for special equipment. The specific amounts are determined based on the individual's degree of disability and living needs.

总之，各国的残障金标准是根据国家法律和政策制定的，以提供必要的经济支持和改善残障人士的生活条件。然而，由于各种因素的影响，残障金的具体金额在不同国家和地区之间存在差异。对于残障人士来说，残障金的发放标准是一项重要的政策，能够帮助他们获得必要的经济援助和社会支持，提高他们的生活质量和社会参与度。

In conclusion, the standards for disability benefits in different countries are established based on national laws and policies, aiming to provide necessary economic support and improve the living conditions of disabled individuals. However, due to various factors, there are differences in the specific amounts of disability benefits across different countries and regions. For disabled individuals, the standards for disability benefits are an important policy that can help them receive necessary economic assistance and social support, enhancing their quality of life and social participation.

翻译（Translation）：

With the progress of society and the increasing focus on the rights of disabled individuals, countries around the world have established policies such as disability welfare funds or disability subsidies, aiming to improve the living conditions of disabled people and provide necessary economic assistance. In 2018, the standards for disability benefits varied among different countries.

In China, the issuance standards for disability benefits are determined and implemented by the National Health Commission. According to the provisions of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Disabled Persons, individuals with moderate or higher levels of disabilities are entitled to three basic guarantees: lump-sum nursing care fees, living allowances, and employment training subsidies. The specific subsidy standards are determined based on the degree of disability and the economic development level of the locality. Taking 2018 as an example, in Beijing, individuals with level 1 (severe) disabilities can receive a monthly living allowance of 450 yuan; those with level 2 (moderate) disabilities can receive a monthly living allowance of 300 yuan; and those with level 3 (mild) disabilities can receive a monthly living allowance of 150 yuan.

In the United States, the standards for disability benefits are administered by the Social Security Administration, a federal agency. Under the U.S. Social Security Act, disabled individuals can apply for Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income (SSI). SSDI primarily targets individuals who have participated in the social insurance system, and the amount is determined based on an individual's work history and the amount of social insurance taxes paid. On the other hand, SSI provides economic assistance to disabled individuals with insufficient work history or low income, and the amount varies from state to state.

In Europe, there are also variations in the standards for disability benefits among different countries. For example, in Germany, the standards for disability benefits are established by the Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs. According to Germany's Social Insurance Code, disabled individuals are entitled to various benefits, including nursing allowances, transportation cost allowances, and subsidies for special equipment. The specific amounts are determined based on the individual's degree of disability and living needs.

In summary, the standards for disability benefits in different countries are established based on national laws and policies, aiming to provide necessary economic support and improve the living conditions of disabled individuals. However, due to various factors, there are differences in the specific amounts of disability benefits across different countries and regions. For disabled individuals, the standards for disability benefits are an important policy that can help them receive necessary economic assistance and social support, enhancing their quality of life and social participation.