好英语网5个问题，全面了解美国众议院弹劾报告
WASHINGTON — The House Intelligence Committee released a 300-page impeachment report on Tuesday accusing President Trump of trying to enlist Ukraine to help him in the 2020 presidential election and obstructing the congressional inquiry by trying to cover it up.
华盛顿——众议院情报委员会(House Intelligence Committee)周二发布了一份300页的弹劾报告，指责特朗普总统试图在其2020年总统竞选中寻求乌克兰的帮助，并通过掩盖事实来阻碍国会的调查。
The committee released the report on the eve of a public hearing in the House Judiciary Committee as the panel begins considering whether to draft articles of impeachment that could lead to a Senate trial and Mr. Trump's removal from office.
委员会在众议院司法委员会(House Judiciary Committee)举行公开听证会的前夕发布了该报告，与此同时调查小组正开始考虑是否起草弹劾条款，最终促成一场参议院审判以及对特朗普的罢免。
该报告是通向特朗普的可能弹劾的一份路线图。
Here are five takeaways from the report.
以下是该报告的五个要点。
The president leveraged Ukraine’s military aid and a White House meeting for political investigations.
总统用对乌克兰的军事援助和一次白宫会议作为条件要求进行政治调查。
The “Trump-Ukraine Impeachment Inquiry Report” was a sweeping indictment of Mr. Trump’s behavior, concluding that the president orchestrated a “scheme” to pressure Ukraine to announce investigations into former Vice President Joseph R. Biden Jr. and other Democrats, while withholding nearly $400 million in military assistance and a White House meeting.
“特朗普-乌克兰弹劾调查报告”是对特朗普行为的全面起诉，认为特朗普精心策划了一个“阴谋”，以迫使乌克兰宣布对前副总统小约瑟夫·R·拜登(Joseph R. Biden Jr.)和其他民主党人士进行调查，同时暂停推进近4亿美元的军事援助和一次白宫会议安排。
The report, written in narrative form, laid out the testimony of witnesses who came before the panel in public and private. It asserts that the president’s actions “subverted U.S. foreign policy toward Ukraine and undermined our national security in favor of two politically motivated investigations that would help his presidential re-election campaign.”
该报告以叙事形式撰写，列出了证人在公开和私下场合向调查小组提供的证词。报告断言总统“为了两项有利于其总统连任的、出于政治动机的调查不惜颠覆美国对乌克兰的外交政策，破坏国家安全”。
Trump ‘ordered and implemented’ a campaign to conceal his conduct from the public and Congress.
特朗普“命令并实施了”秘密行动，以向公众和国会隐瞒他的行为。
The report accuses Mr. Trump of what it calls an “unprecedented campaign of obstruction of this impeachment inquiry,” saying he denied documents to Congress and tried to block State Department diplomats and White House officials from testifying.
报告指责特朗普“对弹劾调查进行了史无前例的妨碍”，称他拒绝向国会提交文件，并试图阻止国务院外交官和白宫官员作证。
The president’s categorical refusal to cooperate with the investigation or comply with demands for documents violated the law, the report said. It accused the president of engaging in “a brazen effort to publicly attack and intimidate” witnesses.
报告说，总统坚决拒绝配合调查或配合文件上交属于违法行为。它指责总统“公然展开了公开攻击和恐吓证人的行动”。
“The damage to our system of checks and balances, and to the balance of power within our three branches of government, will be long-lasting and potentially irrevocable if the president’s ability to stonewall Congress goes unchecked,” the report concluded.
报告总结说：“如果总统阻碍国会的能力不被遏制，对我们的制衡体系以及三权分立的损害将是长久的，而且可能是无法挽回的。”
The report is a road map to the president’s possible impeachment and removal from office.
该报告是通向可能的总统弹劾和罢免的一张路线图。
The report stopped short of explicitly calling for the president’s impeachment and removal from office. But Representative Adam B. Schiff, Democrat of California and the chairman of the Intelligence Committee, made it clear he viewed the document as a road map to impeachment for the House.
报告没有明确要求弹劾和罢免总统。但是加州民主党代表、情报委员会主席亚当·B·希夫(Adam B. Schiff)明确表示，他视这份文件为众议院弹劾总统的路线图。
“The founding fathers prescribed a remedy for a chief executive who places his personal interests above those of the country: impeachment,” the report said.
报告说：“对于将个人利益置于国家利益之上的总统，开国元勋已经准备了矫正之法：弹劾。”
Mr. Schiff, in a preface to the report, warned that the clash between the two parties about Mr. Trump’s actions reflects the kind of factionalism that the country’s founders believed would be dangerous to the republic.
希夫在报告的序言中警告说，两党之间就特朗普行为产生的冲突反映了政治派系主义，这正是被国家的开创者认为是对共和政体有危害的。
“Today, we may be witnessing a collision between the power of a remedy meant to curb presidential misconduct and the power of faction determined to defend against the use of that remedy on a president of the same party,” Mr. Schiff wrote.
“我们今天目睹的可能是这样一场冲突，一方是遏制总统不当行为的矫正之法，一方是党派势力，执意要阻止对本党派的总统实施这矫正之法，”希夫写道。
New evidence emerges of calls between Giuliani and others about a smear campaign on an ambassador.
朱利安尼等人抹黑一名大使的行动的相关通话成为新的证据。
The report largely recounts information already made public during testimony from administration officials. But it also indicated that Democrats have collected more raw evidence than previously known, including call records produced by AT&T and Verizon showing a series of phone calls between Mr. Trump’s personal lawyer Rudolph W. Giuliani and his associates and several government officials.
该报告主要叙述了本届政府官员作证期间已经公开的信息。但同时也显示，民主党已经收集了比以前更多的原始证据，包括AT&T和威瑞森(Verizon)提供的通话记录，展现了特朗普的私人律师鲁道夫·W·朱利安尼(Rudolph W. Giuliani)和他的同事与多名政府官员之间的一系列通话。
The calls came as Mr. Giuliani was executing a smear campaign against the American ambassador to Ukraine at the time, Marie L. Yovanovitch, and pressing Ukraine to begin investigations that would benefit Mr. Trump. The records show calls between Mr. Giuliani and others, including Representative Devin Nunes of California, the top Republican on the Intelligence Committee.
朱利安尼当时正在对美国驻乌克兰大使玛丽·L·约万诺维奇(Marie L. Yovanovitch)进行抹黑行动，并敦促乌克兰开始有利于特朗普的调查。记录显示了朱利安尼与其他人之间的通话，包括情报委员会共和党领袖、加州众议员德文·努尼斯(Devin Nunes)。
Speaking with reporters on Tuesday, Mr. Schiff said that the call records showed “considerable coordination among the parties, including the White House — coordination in the smear campaign against Ambassador Yovanovitch.”
希夫周二在对记者的讲话中表示，通话记录显示“在针对约万诺维奇大使的抹黑行动中，包括白宫在内的各方之间的协调相当紧密”。
Mr. Schiff declined to say whether he believed Mr. Nunes should recuse himself from the remainder of the inquiry, but suggested the records were not flattering.
希夫拒绝透露他是否认为努尼斯应该退出接下来的调查，但他表示这些记录并不好看。
“It is deeply concerning that at a time that the president of the United States was using the power of his office to dig up dirt on a political rival that there may be evidence that there were members of Congress complicit in that activity,” he said.
他说：“令人深感忧虑的是，当美国总统正滥用职权挖掘政治对手的丑事的同时，有可能存在证据表明，有国会议员参与了这一活动。”
Report prompts new phase in impeachment inquiry as Judiciary Committee considers articles of impeachment.
随着司法委员会考虑弹劾条款的起草，报告将弹劾调查推入新阶段。
The release of the report largely concludes the investigation by the Intelligence Committee and moves the impeachment inquiry into a new phase led by the House Judiciary Committee, which plans to hold its first hearing on Wednesday.
报告的发布在很大程度上总结了情报委员会的调查，并将弹劾调查移至由众议院司法委员会领导的新阶段，计划在周三举行首次听证会。
That hearing will include four legal scholars for a discussion about the constitutional standards for impeachment. Representative Jerrold Nadler, Democrat of New York and the chairman of the Judiciary Committee, has said the hearing will also focus on whether Mr. Trump’s behavior rises to the level of those standards.
该听证会将包括四名法律学者，就弹劾的宪法标准进行讨论。纽约民主党众议员、司法委员会主席杰罗德·纳德勒(Jerrold Nadler)表示听证会将同时关注特朗普的行为是否达到了这些标准。
A second hearing is expected to provide a forum for Intelligence Committee lawyers to formally present their report to the Judiciary Committee members. And a third hearing could offer Mr. Trump or his lawyers the opportunity to defend himself, though the White House counsel has so far indicated that he is unlikely to take part in what they deem an unfair process.
第二次听证会将为情报委员会的律师们提供一个论坛，以将其报告正式提交给司法委员会成员。第三次听证会可能会给特朗普或其律师提供辩护的机会，尽管到目前为止，白宫律师表示他不太可能参加这个他们认为不公平的程序。
If a majority of the House voted to approve articles of impeachment, which would be drafted by the Judiciary Committee, the president would be impeached. The proceedings would move to the Senate for a trial. Two-thirds of senators would have to vote to convict Mr. Trump to end his presidency.
如果众议院投票多数赞成通过届时应由司法委员会起草的弹劾条款，总统将被弹劾。弹劾程序将移交给参议院进行审判。判决特朗普有罪并终止其总统职务需要有三分之二的议员赞成。