为什么加息？

加息是指央行或商业银行提高基准利率或贷款利率的行为。加息能够影响一国的经济增长、物价水平、货币价值等众多因素，因此是货币政策的重要工具之一。那么，为什么央行或商业银行会选择加息呢？

首先，加息是为了控制通货膨胀。当物价上涨过快时，央行或商业银行可以通过加息来提高货币的购买力，从而降低物价水平。此外，加息还可以抑制过度投资和泡沫经济。当经济过热、投资过热时，央行或商业银行可以通过加息来提高贷款利率，从而降低投资成本，减少投资风险。其次，加息还可以调节货币供应量。当货币供应量过多时，央行或商业银行可以通过加息来减少货币供应量，从而稳定物价和金融市场。此外，加息还可以提高银行的收益。当利率较低时，银行收益下降，而加息可以提高银行的收益水平，从而增加银行的盈利能力。英文翻译为：Why Raise Interest Rates?

Interest rate hike refers to the central bank or commercial banks' action to increase the benchmark interest rate or loan interest rate. Interest rate hike can affect many factors such as a country's economic growth, price levels, and currency value, making it one of the important tools of monetary policy. So, why would the central bank or commercial banks choose to raise interest rates?

Firstly, interest rate hike is to control inflation. When prices rise too quickly, the central bank or commercial banks can raise interest rates to increase the purchasing power of the currency, thereby reducing the price level. In addition, interest rate hike can also inhibit excessive investment and bubble economy. When the economy is overheated and investment is too hot, the central bank or commercial banks can raise interest rates to increase the cost of investment, thereby reducing investment risks. Secondly, interest rate hike can also regulate money supply. When there is too much money supply, the central bank or commercial banks can raise interest rates to reduce money supply, thereby stabilizing prices and financial markets. In addition, interest rate hike can also increase banks' profits. When interest rates are low, bank profits decline, and interest rate hike can increase banks' profitability.