中文：

关联交易是指公司与其关联方之间进行的交易。这种交易通常是在公司内部或与具有特定关系的各方之间进行的，以实现一定的经济目的。关联交易在商业活动中普遍存在，但在某些情况下，这种交易可能会给公司带来风险或损害公司利益。

关联交易通常包括购买或销售商品、提供或接受服务、租赁资产、借贷资金、关键管理人员报酬等。关联交易的性质和范围因公司而异，但通常会涉及到一个或多个关联方。

关联交易的优点在于它们可以提供一定的便利和效率，例如减少交易成本、快速获得所需资源、避免市场竞争等。但是，关联交易也可能会带来一些负面影响，例如利益输送、损害公司利益、增加经营风险等。

为了确保关联交易的公正性和透明度，许多国家都制定了相关的法律法规和监管要求。这些法规要求公司对关联交易进行披露和报告，并对其进行审计和监管。此外，许多公司还采取了其他措施来限制关联交易，例如制定内部政策和程序、设立独立董事等。

英文：

Related party transactions refer to transactions conducted between a company and its related parties. These transactions usually take place within the company or between parties with a specific relationship to achieve a certain economic purpose. Related party transactions are prevalent in business activities, but in some cases, such transactions may bring risks to the company or damage the interests of the company.

Related party transactions usually include purchasing or selling goods, providing or receiving services, leasing assets, borrowing funds, compensation for key management personnel, etc. The nature and scope of related party transactions vary from company to company, but they usually involve one or more related parties.

The advantages of related party transactions lie in providing certain conveniences and efficiencies, such as reducing transaction costs, quickly obtaining needed resources, avoiding market competition, etc. However, related party transactions may also have some negative impacts, such as benefit diversion, damage to the company's interests, and increased operational risks.

To ensure the fairness and transparency of related party transactions, many countries have formulated relevant laws and regulations and regulatory requirements. These regulations require companies to disclose and report related party transactions, and subject them to audit and supervision. In addition, many companies have taken other measures to limit related party transactions, such as establishing internal policies and procedures, establishing independent directors, etc.