中文：

基金申购费率是指投资者在购买基金时需要支付的费用比率。它是基金销售机构按照规定向投资者收取的费用，用于补偿基金销售机构的营销和服务成本。

基金申购费率的计算方法通常是根据购买金额的大小，采用不同的费率标准。购买金额越小，费率越高。例如，如果购买金额在1万元以下，申购费率为1.5%；如果购买金额在100万元以上，申购费率为0.1%。

基金申购费率的收取方式也有所不同。有些基金销售机构会按照投资者购买基金的总金额乘以申购费率来计算费用，并直接从投资者的账户中扣款；而有些基金销售机构则会将申购费率分摊到基金份额中，投资者购买基金的净金额会相应减少。

基金申购费率的设置主要是为了平衡投资者和基金销售机构之间的利益关系。对于投资者来说，申购费率过高会增加投资成本，降低收益；而对于基金销售机构来说，申购费率过低则无法覆盖其营销和服务成本，不利于长期发展。因此，合理的申购费率设置能够促进投资者和基金销售机构的共同发展。

英文：

The fund subscription fee rate refers to the fee ratio that investors need to pay when purchasing a fund. It is a fee charged by the fund sales agency to investors in accordance with regulations, used to compensate for the marketing and service costs of the fund sales agency.

The calculation method of the fund subscription fee rate usually adopts different fee rate standards according to the size of the purchase amount. The smaller the purchase amount, the higher the fee rate. For example, if the purchase amount is less than 10,000 yuan, the subscription fee rate is 1.5%; if the purchase amount is more than 1 million yuan, the subscription fee rate is 0.1%.

The charging method of the fund subscription fee rate also varies. Some fund sales agencies will calculate the fee by multiplying the subscription fee rate to the total amount of investors' purchase, and deduct it directly from the investors' account; while some fund sales agencies will spread the subscription fee rate to the fund share, so that the net purchase amount of investors will be reduced accordingly.

The setting of the fund subscription fee rate is mainly to balance the interests between investors and fund sales agencies. For investors, too high subscription fees will increase investment costs and reduce returns; while for fund sales agencies, too low subscription fees cannot cover their marketing and service costs, which is not conducive to long-term development. Therefore, reasonable subscription fees can promote the common development of investors and fund sales agencies.