什么是回测：中英文双语解读

中文版

回测，又称为后验测试，是指在历史数据上应用交易策略或模型，以验证其性能的一种分析方法。回测的目的是为了评估策略在过去的市场环境下的表现，并预测其在未来市场中的可能表现。通过回测，交易者可以了解策略在不同市场条件下的稳定性和可靠性，从而做出更为明智的交易决策。

在进行回测时，交易者通常会选择一段时间内的历史数据，如股票价格、货币汇率等，并将这些数据输入到交易策略或模型中。然后，根据策略或模型的输出结果，与实际的市场数据进行比较，以计算策略或模型的盈利能力和风险水平。

回测不仅可以用于评估交易策略的有效性，还可以帮助交易者发现策略中的潜在问题和改进空间。通过回测，交易者可以调整策略参数、优化交易算法，以提高策略在未来的市场表现。

然而，需要注意的是，回测结果并不代表未来的实际表现。市场是复杂多变的，过去的数据和结果并不能完全预测未来的市场走势。因此，在进行回测时，交易者应保持谨慎态度，结合其他分析工具和市场信息，进行综合判断。

英文版

What is Backtesting: A Comparative Reading in Chinese and English

Backtesting, also known as hindsight testing, is an analytical method that applies trading strategies or models to historical data to verify their performance. The purpose of backtesting is to assess how a strategy performed in past market environments and to predict its potential performance in future markets. Through backtesting, traders can gain insights into the stability and reliability of a strategy under different market conditions, enabling them to make more informed trading decisions.

During backtesting, traders typically select a period of historical data, such as stock prices or currency exchange rates, and input these data into the trading strategy or model. Then, by comparing the outputs of the strategy or model with the actual market data, they calculate the profitability and risk level of the strategy or model.

Backtesting is not only useful for evaluating the effectiveness of trading strategies but also helps traders identify potential issues and areas for improvement within the strategy. Through backtesting, traders can adjust strategy parameters, optimize trading algorithms, and enhance the performance of the strategy in future markets.

However, it's important to note that backtesting results do not represent actual future performance. Markets are complex and volatile, and past data and results cannot fully predict future market movements. Therefore, when performing backtesting, traders should maintain a cautious attitude and combine other analytical tools and market information for comprehensive judgment.