中间业务包括什么

中文版：

中间业务是银行业务的重要组成部分，主要包括结算与清算、代理业务、担保业务、承诺业务、金融衍生工具交易、投资银行业务以及资产托管等。这些业务不直接涉及银行自身的资产和负债，而是通过为客户提供金融服务收取手续费或佣金，为银行创造非利息收入。

结算与清算业务涉及为客户处理货币资金的收付和债权债务的清偿。代理业务则是指银行代表客户处理各种经济事务，如代理收付款、代理买卖证券等。担保业务是银行为客户提供的信用担保服务，如保函、备用信用证等。承诺业务是银行对未来可能发生的某种事件或行为作出的承诺，如贷款承诺、票据发行便利等。

金融衍生工具交易涉及远期合约、期货、期权和掉期等金融产品的买卖。投资银行业务则主要是银行提供的资本市场服务，如股票发行、并购咨询等。资产托管是银行为客户提供的资产保管、投资运作和风险控制等服务。

中间业务的发展不仅丰富了银行的收入结构，也为客户提供了更多元化的金融服务。随着金融市场的不断创新和客户需求的变化，中间业务将继续发展和完善。

英文版：

What Are Intermediary Services?

Intermediary services play a crucial role in the banking industry, encompassing settlement and clearing, agency services, guarantee services, commitment services, financial derivatives trading, investment banking, and asset custody, among others. These services do not directly involve the bank's own assets and liabilities but generate non-interest income by providing financial services to customers and charging fees or commissions.

Settlement and clearing services involve handling the receipt and payment of monetary funds and the settlement of debts and credits for customers. Agency services refer to the bank acting on behalf of customers in various economic transactions, such as collecting and paying money, or buying and selling securities. Guarantee services refer to credit guarantees provided by the bank to customers, such as letters of guarantee or standby letters of credit. Commitment services involve the bank's promises regarding potential future events or actions, such as loan commitments or facilities for the issuance of securities.

Financial derivatives trading encompasses the buying and selling of financial products like forwards, futures, options, and swaps. Investment banking services mainly refer to capital market services provided by the bank, such as equity issuance, mergers and acquisitions advisory, and more. Asset custody involves the bank providing services such as asset safekeeping, investment management, and risk control for customers.

The development of intermediary services not only enriches the bank's revenue structure but also offers customers a more diversified range of financial services. With continuous innovation in financial markets and evolving customer needs, intermediary services will continue to evolve and improve.