中文：

金融危机是指金融市场出现严重混乱和动荡的现象，通常表现为股市暴跌、银行破产、企业倒闭、房地产市场崩溃等。金融危机往往会对实体经济造成严重冲击，导致经济衰退和失业率上升。

金融危机的原因比较复杂，通常涉及到全球经济、政治、社会等多方面因素。其中，过度借贷、资产泡沫、金融衍生品泛滥等都是导致金融危机的重要原因。此外，政策失误、市场失控等因素也可能引发金融危机。

为了应对金融危机，各国政府和央行通常会采取一系列措施，如降低利率、增加货币供应量、实施财政刺激等。这些措施旨在恢复市场信心、稳定金融市场、刺激经济增长等。

英文：

Financial crisis refers to a serious disturbance and instability in the financial market, usually manifested as a sharp drop in stock prices, bank insolvency, business closures, real estate market collapse, etc. Financial crises often have a serious impact on the real economy, leading to economic recession and rising unemployment.

The causes of financial crises are relatively complex and usually involve global economy, politics, society and other factors. Among them, excessive borrowing, asset bubbles, the proliferation of financial derivatives are all important reasons for financial crises. In addition, policy errors, market control failures and other factors may also cause financial crises.

In order to deal with the financial crisis, governments and central banks around the world usually take a series of measures, such as reducing interest rates, increasing the money supply, implementing fiscal stimulus, etc. These measures are designed to restore market confidence, stabilize financial markets, stimulate economic growth and so on.