中文：

干股是指股东不必实际出资就能获得的股权，这种股权一般只是一种名义上的股权，不具备实际出资对应的股权权益。干股通常是由公司赠送给特定股东或员工，以激励他们更加积极地参与公司的经营和发展。

干股的分配方式一般有两种，一种是根据股东或员工的贡献程度进行分配，另一种是根据公司的业绩或利润进行分配。干股的持有者一般不参与公司的日常经营和管理，也不承担公司的亏损责任。

干股在公司的经营管理中具有一定的积极作用，可以激励股东或员工更加积极地参与公司的经营和发展，提高公司的凝聚力和向心力。但是，干股也可能会带来一些负面影响，例如可能会导致股东或员工过于追求短期利益，而忽视了公司的长期发展。

英文：

A dry share refers to a share that a shareholder can obtain without actually contributing funds. This kind of share is usually only a nominal share, without the equity rights corresponding to actual investment. Dry shares are usually given by the company to specific shareholders or employees to incentivize them to participate in the management and development of the company more actively.

The distribution of dry shares usually has two ways, one is based on the contribution level of shareholders or employees, and the other is based on the performance or profits of the company. Holders of dry shares generally do not participate in the daily management and operation of the company, nor bear the loss responsibility of the company.

Dry shares have a certain positive effect in the management and operation of the company, which can incentivize shareholders or employees to participate in the management and development of the company more actively, improve the cohesion and centripetal force of the company. However, dry shares may also bring some negative effects, such as shareholders or employees may pursue short-term interests too much, while ignoring the long-term development of the company.