瑞特龙是什么药？

中文段落：

瑞特龙，又称为雷公藤，是一种传统中药材。它来源于卫矛科雷公藤属植物的根或茎，具有悠久的历史和广泛的应用。瑞特龙在中医理论中，被认为具有祛风除湿、活血化瘀、消肿止痛的功效。它常被用于治疗类风湿性关节炎、强直性脊柱炎等风湿性疾病，以及各种疼痛、肿胀等症状。

现代医学研究也证实了瑞特龙的药理作用。其主要活性成分包括雷公藤内酯醇、雷公藤甲素等，具有抗炎、免疫抑制、抗肿瘤等多种生物活性。这些成分可以抑制炎症反应，减少关节肿胀和疼痛，同时调节免疫系统，缓解自身免疫性疾病的进展。然而，瑞特龙也具有一定的毒性和副作用，如肝损害、生殖毒性等，因此在使用时需严格遵循医嘱，控制剂量和疗程。

除了传统的中药制剂，瑞特龙也被开发成现代药物制剂，如片剂、胶囊等，更方便患者使用。然而，由于其特殊的作用机制和潜在的副作用，瑞特龙并不适用于所有风湿性疾病患者。在使用前，患者需要进行全面的身体检查，评估病情和身体状况，以确保安全和有效的治疗。

英文段落：

Reitong, also known as Tripterygium wilfordii, is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb. Derived from the roots or stems of the Tripterygium genus in the Celastraceae family, it has a long history and wide range of applications. In traditional Chinese medicine theory, Reitong is believed to have the effects of dispelling wind and removing dampness, activating blood circulation and resolving blood stasis, and reducing swelling and relieving pain. It is commonly used to treat rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, as well as various symptoms such as pain and swelling.

Modern medical research has also confirmed the pharmacological effects of Reitong. Its main active components include tripterygium glycosides, tripterygium wilfordii polyglycosides, and others, which exhibit anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and antitumor biological activities. These components can inhibit inflammatory reactions, reduce joint swelling and pain, and regulate the immune system to alleviate the progression of autoimmune diseases. However, Reitong also has certain toxicities and side effects, such as liver damage and reproductive toxicity, and therefore its use must be strictly followed according to medical advice, with careful control of dosage and duration.

In addition to traditional Chinese medicine preparations, Reitong has also been developed into modern pharmaceutical formulations such as tablets and capsules, making it more convenient for patients to use. However, due to its unique mechanism of action and potential side effects, Reitong is not suitable for all patients with rheumatic diseases. Before use, patients require comprehensive physical examinations to assess their condition and overall health status, ensuring safe and effective treatment.