基金怎么计算？一篇简洁明了的指南

中文版

在投资领域，基金是一种广受欢迎的投资工具。了解如何计算基金的收益和风险是投资者做出明智决策的关键。本文将为您介绍基金计算的基础知识。

首先，我们需要了解基金的单位净值。单位净值是基金资产净值除以基金总份额得到的，它代表了每份基金的价值。通过查看基金的每日净值，投资者可以了解基金的市场表现。

其次，计算基金的收益率是关键。简单收益率可以通过（期末价值 - 期初价值）/ 期初价值 × 100% 来计算。而年化收益率则需要考虑投资期限，将简单收益率转换为年化形式。

此外，了解基金的风险也是必不可少的。风险通常通过标准差、贝塔系数等统计指标来衡量。这些指标可以帮助投资者了解基金在不同市场环境下的波动性和风险水平。

最后，投资者还可以关注基金的持有成本。持有成本包括管理费、托管费、销售服务费等，这些费用将影响投资者的最终收益。

通过掌握这些基本的计算方法和指标，投资者可以更好地了解基金的性能和风险，从而做出更明智的投资决策。

英文版

How to Calculate Fund Performance? A Concise Guide

In the world of investing, funds are a popular investment tool. Understanding how to calculate fund returns and risks is crucial for investors to make informed decisions. This article will introduce the basics of fund calculations.

Firstly, we need to understand the net asset value (NAV) of the fund. The NAV is calculated by dividing the total asset value of the fund by the total number of fund units, representing the value of each fund unit. By checking the daily NAV, investors can understand the fund's market performance.

Secondly, calculating the return on the fund is essential. The simple rate of return can be calculated using the formula: (ending value - starting value) / starting value × 100%. The annualized return, however, takes into account the investment horizon, converting the simple rate of return into an annualized form.

Additionally, understanding the risks associated with funds is also crucial. Risk is typically measured using statistical indicators such as standard deviation and beta coefficients. These metrics can help investors understand the volatility and risk level of the fund under different market conditions.

Lastly, investors should also be mindful of the holding costs associated with funds. Holding costs include management fees, custody fees, sales service fees, etc., which will affect the final returns for investors.

By mastering these basic calculation methods and metrics, investors can better understand the performance and risks of funds, enabling them to make more informed investment decisions.