【中文版】

倾销是指出口商以低于正常价值的价格向其他国家或地区销售商品的行为。这种行为通常是为了排挤竞争对手，争夺市场份额，赢得利润。

倾销通常分为三种类型：掠夺性倾销、持续性倾销和偶然性倾销。掠夺性倾销是为了摧毁竞争对手，以便在将来垄断市场或扩大市场份额。持续性倾销是由于产品过剩或成本过高而长期低价销售。偶然性倾销是由于季节性因素、库存积压等原因而偶尔出现低价销售。

倾销对进口国经济和相关产业可能带来负面影响。首先，倾销会扰乱市场秩序，对进口国企业造成不公平竞争压力。其次，倾销会损害进口国产业的发展，导致失业和减产等问题。此外，倾销还会导致国际贸易摩擦和贸易战，不利于国际经济合作和发展。

为了应对倾销带来的负面影响，各国政府通常采取反倾销措施，包括征收反倾销税、实施进口配额等。这些措施旨在保护国内产业和市场秩序，维护公平竞争环境。

总之，倾销是一种不公平的贸易行为，对进口国经济和相关产业带来负面影响。各国应加强合作，共同打击倾销行为，维护国际贸易秩序和公平竞争环境。

【英文版】

Dumping refers to the behavior of exporters selling products at prices lower than their normal value to other countries or regions. This behavior is usually intended to exclude competitors, gain market share, and obtain profits.

Dumping is usually divided into three types: predatory dumping, persistent dumping, and incidental dumping. Predatory dumping is intended to destroy competitors in order to monopolize the market or expand market share in the future. Persistent dumping is due to excess products or high costs and is sold at low prices for a long time. Incidental dumping occurs偶尔due to seasonal factors, inventory accumulation, etc.

Dumping may have negative impacts on the economy of the importing country and related industries. Firstly, dumping can disturb market order and place unfair competitive pressure on domestic companies in the importing country. Secondly, dumping can damage the development of the importing country's industry, leading to problems such as unemployment and production reduction. In addition, dumping can also lead to international trade friction and trade wars, which are not conducive to international economic cooperation and development.

To address the negative impacts of dumping, governments usually take anti-dumping measures, including imposing anti-dumping duties, implementing import quotas, etc. These measures are intended to protect domestic industries and market order and maintain a fair competitive environment.

In summary, dumping is an unfair trade practice that has negative impacts on the economy of the importing country and related industries. Countries should strengthen cooperation, jointly combat dumping practices, and maintain international trade order and a fair competitive environment.