【中文版】

沥青是一种由石油残渣加工而成的黑色高分子材料，广泛应用于道路建设和维护。沥青的原料主要是石油，通过一系列的加工和提炼，最终得到沥青这种物质。

沥青的原料来源主要是石油，通过钻探和开采获得的原油经过炼油厂加工提炼，得到各种石油产品，其中就包括沥青。炼油厂使用各种化学反应和物理分离过程，将原油中的不同组分分离出来，得到汽油、柴油、润滑油等产品，同时也会产生一些副产品，如沥青、燃料油等。

沥青的品质和性能受到其原料的影响很大，因此选择优质的原料是保证沥青质量的关键。不同种类的沥青，其原料也有所不同。例如，石油沥青主要由石油中的减压渣油生产而成，而煤焦沥青则是由煤焦油加工而成。

除了石油和煤焦油之外，还有一些其他的原料可以用于生产沥青，例如天然沥青、页岩沥青等。这些原料在性质和成分上与石油沥青有所不同，因此在使用时需要根据具体情况进行选择。

总的来说，沥青的原料来源主要是石油和煤焦油，通过不同的加工和提炼过程，最终得到这种广泛应用于道路建设和维护的黑色高分子材料。

【英文版】

Asphalt is a kind of black polymer material processed from petroleum residue, which is widely used in road construction and maintenance. The raw material of asphalt is mainly petroleum, which is refined and extracted through a series of chemical and physical processes to obtain asphalt.

The raw material of asphalt mainly comes from petroleum. Crude oil obtained through drilling and mining is refined and extracted by refinery to obtain various petroleum products, including asphalt. Refinery uses various chemical reactions and physical separation processes to separate the different components in crude oil, obtaining gasoline, diesel, lubricating oil and other products, while also generating some by-products, such as asphalt, fuel oil, etc.

The quality and performance of asphalt are greatly influenced by its raw materials. Therefore, selecting high-quality raw materials is the key to ensuring the quality of asphalt. Different kinds of asphalt have different raw materials. For example, petroleum asphalt is mainly produced from vacuum residue oil in petroleum, while coal tar asphalt is produced from coal tar processing.

In addition to petroleum and coal tar, there are other raw materials that can be used to produce asphalt, such as natural asphalt, shale asphalt, etc. These raw materials differ in nature and composition from petroleum asphalt, so they need to be selected according to specific circumstances for use.

Overall, the raw material of asphalt mainly comes from petroleum and coal tar, and is refined and extracted through a series of chemical and physical processes to obtain this widely used black polymer material in road construction and maintenance.