中文：

泡沫经济是指资产价格在持续一段时间内急剧上涨，然后在短期内急剧下跌的经济现象。这种经济现象通常出现在股票市场、房地产市场、债券市场等资产市场中，其特点是价格上涨速度较快，价格波动幅度较大，市场投机气氛较浓。

泡沫经济的形成通常与以下几个方面有关：一是过度投资和资金流入，导致资产价值被高估；二是市场乐观情绪的持续推动，使投资者对未来收益有过高的预期；三是缺乏有效的市场监管和风险控制机制，使得市场波动被放大。

泡沫经济的破裂通常会带来严重的经济后果。当资产价格在短期内急剧下跌时，投资者可能会遭受巨大的损失，进而导致市场恐慌和金融体系的不稳定。此外，泡沫经济的破裂还可能导致经济衰退和失业率的上升。

为了预防泡沫经济的形成和破裂，政府和市场参与者需要采取一系列措施。这些措施包括加强市场监管和风险控制机制、促进经济结构和产业结构的调整、提高投资者的风险意识和理性投资意识等。

英文：

Bubble economy refers to an economic phenomenon in which asset prices rise rapidly for a sustained period of time and then fall sharply in a short period. This economic phenomenon typically occurs in asset markets such as the stock market, real estate market, and bond market. It is characterized by rapid price increases, large fluctuations in price, and a high投机氛围 in the market.

The formation of bubble economy is usually related to the following aspects: first, excessive investment and capital inflows lead to overestimations of asset values; second, the sustained push of market optimism causes investors to have overly high expectations of future returns; third, the lack of effective market regulation and risk control mechanisms allows market fluctuations to be amplified.

The bursting of bubble economy usually brings serious economic consequences. When asset prices fall rapidly in a short period, investors may suffer huge losses, leading to market panic and financial instability. In addition, the bursting of bubble economy may also lead to economic recession and an increase in unemployment.

To prevent the formation and bursting of bubble economy, governments and market participants need to take a series of measures. These measures include strengthening market regulation and risk control mechanisms, promoting economic and industrial structure adjustments, and enhancing investors' risk awareness and rational investment awareness.