中文：

财政赤字是指政府在一定财政年度内支出超过收入的差额。换句话说，就是政府的“花销”超过了“收入”。财政赤字通常被视为一个经济指标，它的存在可能表明一个国家的财政状况出现问题，需要采取相应的财政政策来调整。

财政赤字的产生原因主要有两个方面。首先，政府为了满足公共需求，如基础设施建设、医疗卫生服务、教育等领域的投入需要大量的资金。其次，政府在税收方面可能存在不足，这可能导致政府不得不通过借款或增加债务来弥补财政赤字。

财政赤字的大小和影响是复杂的。适度的财政赤字可以促进经济发展，特别是在经济萧条时期，政府通过增加支出可以刺激经济增长。但是，过度的财政赤字可能会引发通货膨胀、增加政府债务负担等问题，对经济发展产生不利影响。

为了控制财政赤字，政府需要采取一系列的财政政策措施，如调整税收政策、削减不必要的支出、提高公共服务的效率等。同时，政府还需要制定合理的债务管理策略，确保债务风险可控，避免引发财政危机。

总的来说，财政赤字是一个重要的经济指标，它的存在、大小和影响需要得到密切关注和合理管理。

英文：

Fiscal deficit refers to the difference between government expenditure and income during a certain fiscal year. In other words, the government's "expenses" exceed its "income". The fiscal deficit is generally seen as an economic indicator, and its existence may indicate that a country's fiscal situation is problematic and requires corresponding fiscal policies to adjust.

The main reasons for the emergence of fiscal deficits are two aspects. Firstly, the government invests a lot of funds to meet public needs, such as infrastructure construction, healthcare services, education and other fields. Secondly, the government may have insufficient tax revenue, which may lead the government to borrow or increase debt to make up for the fiscal deficit.

The size and impact of the fiscal deficit are complex. Moderate fiscal deficits can promote economic development, especially during economic downturns, the government can stimulate economic growth by increasing expenditure. However, excessive fiscal deficits may cause problems such as inflation and increase the government's debt burden, which have a negative impact on economic development.

To control the fiscal deficit, the government needs to take a series of fiscal policy measures, such as adjusting tax policies, cutting unnecessary spending, improving the efficiency of public services, etc. At the same time, the government also needs to develop a reasonable debt management strategy to ensure that debt risks are manageable and avoid financial crises.

Overall, the fiscal deficit is an important economic indicator whose existence, size, and impact need to be closely monitored and managed appropriately.